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锟斤拷图片锟结供:M. Krumholz et al.,锟斤拷锟斤拷学锟斤拷锟斤拷
锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角撅拷锟剿ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷同锟斤拷锟街碉拷锟斤拷太锟斤拷却锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角革拷“侏锟斤拷”锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫╋拷锟斤拷欠诺锟教拷锟较碉拷锟斤拷锟�“雀锟斤拷”锟斤拷夜锟斤拷锟叫ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷全锟斤拷围住锟斤拷锟斤拷些锟斤拷锟斤拷为什么锟结长锟斤拷锟斤拷么锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟铰碉拷锟叫撅拷锟斤拷示锟斤拷锟斤拷之前锟侥癸拷锟斤拷锟斤拷龋锟斤拷锟叫╋拷锟饺伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰吃ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷也锟斤拷锟杰筹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷时锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟缴�——锟斤拷一锟斤拷暮锟斤拷腔锟斤拷痰锟斤拷锟斤拷约锟叫∫恍╋拷锟酵拷锟斤拷锟斤拷鹿锟斤拷锟斤拷露锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟窖э拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟窖э拷芯锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟窖э拷锟紿enrik Beuther锟斤拷为锟斤拷锟斤拷锟筋工锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟揭伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�40锟斤拷锟斤拷史锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷学锟斤拷锟解，锟斤拷锟斤拷“为锟斤拷一锟叫撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷要锟斤拷锟斤拷”锟斤拷
一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷暮锟斤拷遣锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫╋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞筹拷募一铩ｏ拷锟斤拷藕锟斤拷堑锟斤拷锟斤拷幔拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿э拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿э拷拇锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵筹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟姐够锟斤拷锟斤拷锟绞的猴拷锟角碉拷燃锟斤拷锟皆硷拷锟侥核凤拷应锟窖★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟叫凤拷锟斤拷时锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角憋拷锟斤拷头懦锟斤拷薮锟侥凤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷围剩锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟酵筹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷远远锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆硷拷锟侥癸拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�60锟斤拷锟侥╋拷冢锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟窖э拷锟酵拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥达拷锟节ｏ拷锟斤拷锟角碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸诧拷锟结超锟斤拷太锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷20锟斤拷锟斤拷然锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷——锟斤拷锟斤拷学锟斤拷锟窖撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟劫讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷“锟斤拷锟斤拷”锟斤拷锟斤拷4锟斤拷锟侥猴拷锟角★拷
实锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷牵锟斤拷锟斤拷愕憋拷锟斤拷潜锟斤拷锟轿拷丫锟斤拷锟斤拷俳锟绞呈憋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟饺伙拷锟斤拷锟届法锟斤拷锟揭伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟铰筹拷锟斤拷摹锟斤拷锟窖э拷锟斤拷锟�Science锟斤拷锟较ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角达拷学圣锟斤拷鲁斯锟斤拷校锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷学锟斤拷Mark Krumholz锟届导锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟叫撅拷小锟介，锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷维锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥ｏ拷锟斤拷锟叫撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷暮锟斤拷遣锟矫伙拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟窖э拷锟街帮拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫碉拷“食锟斤拷”锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆硷拷锟斤拷“锟斤拷锟斤拷”锟斤拷锟接筹拷去锟斤拷锟斤拷实锟较ｏ拷锟斤拷锟角的凤拷锟斤拷只锟角斤拷锟斤拷围锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷统锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷撸锟斤拷锟绞ｏ拷碌某锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟�——锟斤拷锟角伙拷锟绞碉拷锟斤拷停锟斤拷锟节猴拷锟角碉拷锟叫诧拷——锟斤拷锟轿拷锟斤拷羌锟斤拷锟�“锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷食”锟斤拷锟斤拷源锟斤拷
Krumholz锟斤拷锟叫撅拷小锟斤拷同时锟斤拷锟街ｏ拷锟斤拷锟狡碉拷原锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷时锟斤拷锟轿成达拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟角的斤拷小锟斤拷双锟角帮拷锟铰★拷锟叫撅拷锟斤拷员指锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷拢锟斤拷锟揭伙拷锟侥猴拷锟角碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟秸斤拷锟斤拷使小一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟轿诧拷锟斤拷愿锟侥合诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟街斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷暮锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷硬锟斤拷俜锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆达拷锟� 锟斤拷学时锟斤拷 群锟斤拷锟斤拷
锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷学锟斤拷锟斤拷Science锟斤拷锟斤拷DOI: 10.1126/science.1165857锟斤拷Mark R. Krumholz锟斤拷Andrew J. Cunningham锟斤拷
锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥讹拷锟斤拷英锟侥ｏ拷
