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锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟金渐诧拷锟斤拷锟饺拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷迁锟斤拷影锟届，锟斤拷锟斤拷锟窖э拷叶锟斤拷锟窖帮拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷源锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷太锟斤拷锟杰碉拷锟�(solar cell)锟斤拷锟斤拷直锟接碉拷锟斤拷源转锟斤拷锟狡硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷太锟斤拷锟斤拷转锟斤拷锟缴碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫凤拷锟界，锟斤拷锟斤拷燃锟斤拷煤炭锟斤拷石锟酵伙拷煤锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟杰的凤拷式锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟饺撅拷铩�
目前太锟斤拷锟杰碉拷氐锟斤拷芯锟斤拷锟洁集锟斤拷锟节癸拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(silicon-based device)锟斤拷锟斤拷染锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷(dye-sensitized)太锟斤拷锟杰碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷诔杀锟斤拷系停锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟饺★拷锟斤拷锟教拷锟斤拷艿锟截碉拷潜锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷小锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷呋锟斤拷锟斤拷曰锟斤拷锟斤拷源锟杰硷拷锟斤拷应锟斤拷锟较★拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟较ｏ拷染锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷太锟斤拷锟杰碉拷锟斤拷堑缁э拷锟截碉拷一锟街ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟节讹拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟窖诧拷(titanium dioxide)之锟较碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷染锟较斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷转锟斤拷锟缴碉拷锟杰★拷越锟斤拷墓锟斤拷弑锟阶拷锟斤拷傻锟斤拷埽锟斤拷锟斤拷锟教拷锟斤拷艿锟截碉拷转锟斤拷效锟绞猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷越锟竭★拷
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锟斤拷锟教拷锟酵帮拷锟睫碉拷锟叫撅拷锟脚讹拷使锟斤拷湿式锟斤拷学蚀锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟轿拷牡缂拷锟斤拷妫匡拷锟斤拷锟揭拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟窖猴拷ITO锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟皆斤拷锟酵碉拷锟接电洞锟皆的革拷锟斤拷锟绞ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷太锟斤拷锟杰碉拷氐锟阶拷锟叫э拷省锟斤拷锟斤拷堑锟斤拷瞥锟角ｏ拷娴斤拷锟侥ｏ拷锟斤拷诮锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥碉拷泳锟斤拷锟斤拷(electrophoretic deposition)锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷院虾锟斤拷杀锟叫э拷锟侥凤拷式锟斤拷锟斤拷ITO锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟介构锟缴的电极锟斤拷锟叫撅拷锟斤拷员锟斤拷锟矫碉拷锟斤拷锟斤拷微锟斤拷锟斤拷锟桔诧拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟竭的结构锟皆硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷傻锟斤拷锟斤拷椋拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷太锟斤拷锟杰碉拷氐锟斤拷锟斤拷埽锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷维锟界极染锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷太锟斤拷锟杰碉拷氐锟阶拷锟叫э拷时却锟酵称斤拷锟绞斤拷缂拷锟斤拷锟�13-46%锟斤拷
锟斤拷锟脚讹拷锟节筹拷锟斤拷锟叫撅拷锟矫碉拷锟斤拷锟剿癸拷锟斤拷某晒锟斤拷螅锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷诖锟斤拷锟斤拷筛锟斤拷锟斤拷铣晒锟斤拷碳锟斤拷呕锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥硷拷锟轿结构锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷一锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷染锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷太锟斤拷锟杰碉拷氐锟斤拷锟斤拷堋锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟侥凤拷锟斤拷锟节ｏ拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟阶硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷
Nanotechnology锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷源锟斤拷锟叫癸拷锟斤拷学院锟较猴拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟叫撅拷锟斤拷锟斤拷
锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟阶硷拷锟斤拷锟斤拷锟斤拷
Nanotechnology锟斤拷锟斤拷doi: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/5/055601锟斤拷Hong-Wen Wang锟斤拷Simon P Ringer锟斤拷
