荷兰生态学研究所Jos M. Raaijmakers和荷兰瓦赫宁根大学Marnix H. Medema合作研究发现，病原菌诱导的根内菌群抑病功能的激活。11月1日出版的《科学》杂志发表了这项成果。

生活在植物内部的微生物可以促进植物的生长和健康，但是它们的基因组和功能多样性仍未知。宏基因组学和网络推论表明，植物根部的真菌感染在根球区富集了几丁质菊科和黄杆菌科以及几丁质酶基因和各种未知的生物合成基因簇，这些基因簇编码了非核糖体肽合成酶（NRPSs）和聚酮化合物合酶（PKSs）的产生。菌株水平基因组重建后，设计了几丁质和黄杆菌的联合基因簇，以持续抑制真菌根部疾病。定点突变则揭示黄杆菌内一个以前未知的NRPS-PKS基因簇是由内生集团抑制疾病所必须的。

他们的研究结果表明，内生根微生物群具有许多尚不为人所知的功能性状，可以共同保护植物。

附：英文原文

Title: Pathogen-induced activation of disease-suppressive functions in the endophytic root microbiome

Author: Víctor J. Carrión, Juan Perez-Jaramillo, Viviane Cordovez, Vittorio Tracanna, Mattias de Hollander, Daniel Ruiz-Buck, Lucas W. Mendes, Wilfred F.J. van Ijcken, Ruth Gomez-Exposito, Somayah S. Elsayed, Prarthana Mohanraju, Adini Arifah, John van der Oost, Joseph N. Paulson, Rodrigo Mendes, Gilles P. van Wezel, Marnix H. Medema, Jos M. Raaijmakers

Issue&Volume: 2019/11/01

Abstract: Microorganisms living inside plants can promote plant growth and health, but their genomic and functional diversity remain largely elusive. Here, metagenomics and network inference show that fungal infection of plant roots enriched for Chitinophagaceae and Flavobacteriaceae in the root endosphere and for chitinase genes and various unknown biosynthetic gene clusters encoding the production of nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) and polyketide synthases (PKSs). After strain-level genome reconstruction, a consortium of Chitinophaga and Flavobacterium was designed that consistently suppressed fungal root disease. Site-directed mutagenesis then revealed that a previously unidentified NRPS-PKS gene cluster from Flavobacterium was essential for disease suppression by the endophytic consortium. Our results highlight that endophytic root microbiomes harbor a wealth of as yet unknown functional traits that, in concert, can protect the plant inside out.

DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw9285

Source:https://science.sciencemag.org/content/366/6465/606