法国巴黎文理研究大学Lucie Zinger 和Chris Bowler研究团队合作研究了海洋浮游生物多样性的全球趋势。该研究2019年11月14日发表在国际学术期刊《细胞》上。

研究团队使用来自塔拉海洋的分子和成像数据研究古细菌、细菌、真核生物和主要病毒进化枝之间浮游生物多样性的纬度梯度和全球预测因子。他们发现大多数浮游类群向两极的多样性下降，主要原因是由于海洋温度下降。对未来的预测表明，到21世纪末，表层海洋的严重变暖可能导致温带和极地地区大多数浮游生物的多样性热带化。这些变化可能会对海洋生态系统的功能和服务产生多重影响，并且预计在碳固定、渔业和海洋环境保护的关键领域中尤其重要。

据悉，海洋是支撑海洋生态系统功能的无数小型浮游生物的家园。但是，它们的多样性空间格局和潜在动因仍然鲜为人知，无法预测其对全球气温变化的反应。

附：英文原文

Title: Global Trends in Marine Plankton Diversity across Kingdoms of Life

Author: Federico M. Ibarbalz, Nicolas Henry, Manoela C. Brando, Séverine Martini, Greta Busseni, Hannah Byrne, Luis Pedro Coelho, Hisashi Endo, Josep M. Gasol, Ann C. Gregory, Frédéric Mahé, Janaina Rigonato, Marta Royo-Llonch, Guillem Salazar, Isabel Sanz-Sáez, Eleonora Scalco, Dodji Soviadan, Ahmed A. Zayed, Adriana Zingone, Karine Labadie, Joannie Ferland, Claudie Marec, Stefanie Kandels, Marc Picheral, Céline Dimier, Julie Poulain, Sergey Pisarev, Margaux Carmichael, Stéphane Pesant, Silvia G. Acinas, Marcel Babin, Peer Bork, Emmanuel Boss, Chris Bowler, Guy Cochrane, Colomban de Vargas, Mick Follows, Gabriel Gorsky, Nigel Grimsley, Lionel Guidi, Pascal Hingamp, Daniele Iudicone, Olivier Jaillon, Stefanie Kandels, Lee Karp-Boss, Eric Karsenti, Fabrice Not, Hiroyuki Ogata, Stéphane Pesant, Nicole Poulton, Jeroen Raes, Christian Sardet, Sabrina Speich, Lars Stemmann, Matthew B. Sullivan, Shinichi Sunagawa, Patrick Wincker, Marcel Babin, Emmanuel Boss, Daniele Iudicone, Olivier Jaillon, Silvia G. Acinas, Hiroyuki Ogata, Eric Pelletier, Lars Stemmann, Matthew B. Sullivan, Shinichi Sunagawa, Laurent Bopp, Colomban de Vargas, Lee Karp-Boss, Patrick Wincker, Fabien Lombard, Chris Bowler, Lucie Zinger

Issue&Volume: 2019/11/14

Abstract: The ocean is home to myriad small planktonic organisms that underpin the functioning of marine ecosystems. However, their spatial patterns of diversity and the underlying drivers remain poorly known, precluding projections of their responses to global changes. Here we investigate the latitudinal gradients and global predictors of plankton diversity across archaea, bacteria, eukaryotes, and major virus clades using both molecular and imaging data from Tara Oceans. We show a decline of diversity for most planktonic groups toward the poles, mainly driven by decreasing ocean temperatures. Projections into the future suggest that severe warming of the surface ocean by the end of the 21st century could lead to tropicalization of the diversity of most planktonic groups in temperate and polar regions. These changes may have multiple consequences for marine ecosystem functioning and services and are expected to be particularly significant in key areas for carbon sequestration, fisheries, and marine conservation.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.10.008

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(19)31124-9