美国斯坦福大学Michael A. Fischbach、加州大学旧金山分校Matthew H. Spitzer等研究人员合作，利用梭状杆菌遗传学去除了宿主中微生物组来源的分子。这一研究成果发表在2019年12月13日出版的国际学术期刊《科学》上。

研究人员开发了在梭状杆菌中构建干净缺失的系统，梭状杆菌是肠道微生物组中许多分子的来源。通过将这种方法应用于生孢梭菌共生模型中，研究人员剔除了其产生的10种分子在宿主组织中积累的基因。在被生孢梭菌定殖的小鼠中，其分支的短链脂肪酸的产生被去除，研究人员发现这些微生物产物具有免疫球蛋白A调节活性。

据介绍，肠道菌群产生数百种以高浓度存在于宿主循环中的分子。弄清每个分子对宿主的贡献仍然很困难。

附：英文原文

Title: Depletion of microbiome-derived molecules in the host using Clostridium genetics

Author: Chun-Jun Guo, Breanna M. Allen, Kamir J. Hiam, Dylan Dodd, Will Van Treuren, Steven Higginbottom, Kazuki Nagashima, Curt R. Fischer, Justin L. Sonnenburg, Matthew H. Spitzer, Michael A. Fischbach

Issue&Volume: 2019/12/13

Abstract: The gut microbiota produce hundreds of molecules that are present at high concentrations in the host circulation. Unraveling the contribution of each molecule to host biology remains difficult. We developed a system for constructing clean deletions in Clostridium spp., the source of many molecules from the gut microbiome. By applying this method to the model commensal organism Clostridium sporogenes, we knocked out genes for 10 C. sporogenes–derived molecules that accumulate in host tissues. In mice colonized by a C. sporogenes for which the production of branched short-chain fatty acids was knocked out, we discovered that these microbial products have immunoglobulin A–modulatory activity.

DOI: 10.1126/science.aav1282

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/366/6471/eaav1282