转录因子GATA3的差异表达决定先天淋巴细胞的谱系和功能，这一成果由美国国立卫生研究院Jinfang Zhu、Chao Zhong等研究人员近期合作取得。2019年12月24日，《免疫》在线发表了这项成果。

研究人员表示，淋巴组织诱导（LTi）细胞被视为先天性淋巴细胞（ILC）的亚群。但是，这些细胞不是源自ILC共同祖细胞，后者会生成其他ILC亚群，并由转录因子PLZF的表达来定义。

研究人员调查了决定LTi祖细胞与非Lti ILC祖细胞命运的转录因子。Gata3的条件性删除导致PLZF⁺非LTi祖细胞的丢失，但不影响表达转录因子RORγt的LTi祖细胞。一致地，PLZF⁺非LTi祖细胞表达大量GATA3，而在RORγt⁺LTi祖细胞中GATA3表达较低。两个祖细胞的产生都需要转录调节子Id2，后者定义了常见的辅助样先天性淋巴祖细胞（ChILP），而不是细胞因子信号。然而，低表达的GATA3对于功能成熟的LTi细胞的产生是必需的。因此，GATA3的差异表达决定了不同ILC祖细胞的命运和功能。

附：英文原文

Title: Differential Expression of the Transcription Factor GATA3 Specifies Lineage and Functions of Innate Lymphoid Cells

Author: Chao Zhong, Mingzhu Zheng, Kairong Cui, Andrew J. Martins, Gangqing Hu, Dan Li, Lino Tessarollo, Serguei Kozlov, Jonathan R. Keller, John S. Tsang, Keji Zhao, Jinfang Zhu

Issue&Volume: December 24, 2019

Abstract: Lymphoid tissue inducer (LTi) cells are regarded as a subset of innate lymphoid cells(ILCs). However, these cells are not derived from the ILC common progenitor, whichgenerates other ILC subsets and is defined by the expression of the transcriptionfactor PLZF. Here, we examined transcription factor(s) determining the fate of LTiprogenitors versus non-LTi ILC progenitors. Conditional deletion of Gata3 resulted in the loss of PLZF+ non-LTi progenitors but not the LTi progenitors that expressed the transcriptionfactor RORγt. Consistently, PLZF+ non-LTi progenitors expressed high amounts of GATA3, whereas GATA3 expression waslow in RORγt+ LTi progenitors. The generation of both progenitors required the transcriptionalregulator Id2, which defines the common helper-like innate lymphoid progenitor (ChILP),but not cytokine signaling. Nevertheless, low GATA3 expression was necessary for thegeneration of functionally mature LTi cells. Thus, differential expression of GATA3determines the fates and functions of distinct ILC progenitors.

DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.12.001

Source: https://www.cell.com/immunity/fulltext/S1074-7613(19)30497-2