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灵长类视网膜中央凹和周围细胞的分子水平归类和综合分类比较分析 |
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近日,哈佛大学教授Joshua R.Sanes及其研究组通过单细胞测序,对视网膜中央凹及周边细胞进行了分子水平分类和综合归类。相关论文发表在2019年3月26日出版的《细胞》杂志上。
小组借助165,000个单细胞转录组图谱,对猕猴中央凹和周边视网膜细胞进行了综合归类分析。这两个区域中的细胞超过80%的在至少60个细胞类型上是一致的,但在比例和基因表达上有显著差异,其中一些与功能差异有关。通过比较猕猴视网膜型与小鼠视网膜的细胞,发现中枢神经元类型是非常保守的。相反,尽管转录因子是保守的,传递神经元类型和传递方式却有较大差别。猕猴的主要细胞类型在人类中也是保守的,至少190个细胞类型特异或区域特异表达的基因被发现与7种人类视网膜疾病相关。他们的工作为利用单细胞测序数据比较分析跨组织区域和物种提供了依据。
据了解,包括人在内的灵长类动物的高敏感度视力,是由视网膜中一个叫做中央凹的小区域介导的。由于更易得到的实验材料缺乏中央凹,其对眼睛的特殊功能及其功能失常后对眼部疾病的影响仍不清楚。(来源:中国科学报)
名词解释
primates,灵长目:是哺乳纲的1个目,共14科约51属560余种。大脑发达;眼眶朝向前方,眶间距窄;手和脚的趾(指)分开,大拇指灵活,多数能与其他趾(指)对握。
fovea,中央凹是视网膜中视觉(辨色力、分辨力)最敏锐的区域。以人为例,在视神经盘颞侧约3.5mm处,有一黄色小区,称黄斑,其中央的凹陷,就是中央凹。
英文原文
Title: Molecular Classification and Comparative Taxonomics of Foveal and Peripheral Cells in Primate Retina
Author: Yi-Rong Peng ,Karthik Shekhar ,WenjunYan ,Dustin Herrmann ,Anna Sappington ,Gregory S.Bryman ,Tavévan Zyl ,Michael Tri. H.Do ,AvivRegev ,Joshua R.Sanes
Issue&Volume: Volume 176, Issue 5, 21 February 2019, Pages 1222-1237.e22
Abstract: High-acuity vision in primates, including humans, is mediated by a small central retinal region called the fovea. As more accessible organisms lack a fovea, its specialized function and its dysfunction in ocular diseases remain poorly understood. We used 165,000 single-cell RNA-seq profiles to generate comprehensive cellular taxonomies of macaque fovea and peripheral retina. More than 80% of >60 cell types match between the two regions but exhibit substantial differences in proportions and gene expression, some of which we relate to functional differences. Comparison of macaque retinal types with those of mice reveals that interneuron types are tightly conserved. In contrast, projection neuron types and programs diverge, despite exhibiting conserved transcription factor codes. Key macaque types are conserved in humans, allowing mapping of cell-type and region-specific expression of >190 genes associated with 7 human retinal diseases. Our work provides a framework for comparative single-cell analysis across tissue regions and species.
相关论文信息:DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2019.01.004
期刊信息
Cell:《细胞》,创刊于1974年。隶属于细胞出版社,最新if:31.398
官方网址:https://www.cell.com/
投稿链接:https://www.editorialmanager.com/cell/default.aspx