近日，美国斯克里普斯研究所Kristian G. Andersen、Scott F. Michael以及耶鲁大学Nathan D. Grubaugh研究组，利用旅行监测和基因组学方法，合作发现隐藏寨卡病毒在疫情消退期间爆发。相关论文发表在2019年8月22日出版的《细胞》上。
为了寻找疾病持续爆发的位置，研究人员调查了与旅行相关的寨卡病例，以确定未经过报道的寨卡疾病传播情况。在邻近岛屿疫情高峰传播一年后，他们在2017年发现了一例古巴未报道的病例。通过对寨卡病毒进行测序，他们发现该病毒的建立推迟了一年，随后的爆发是由来自其他加勒比岛屿的长期定植的寨卡病毒谱系引发的。他们的数据表明，虽然古巴的蚊子控制最初可能有效减轻寨卡病毒的传播，但这些措施需要维持有效。他们的研究强调了寨卡病毒如何仍然“默默地”传播，并提供了理解疫情爆发动态的框架。
据介绍，美洲的寨卡病的流行对疫情的监测和控制提出了挑战。由于疫情似乎正在减弱，目前尚不清楚传播是否仍在继续，报告中的差异加剧了这种情况。
附：英文原文
Title: Travel Surveillance and Genomics Uncover a Hidden Zika Outbreak during the Waning Epidemic
Author: Nathan D. Grubaugh,Sharada Saraf,Karthik Gangavarapu,Alexander Watts,Amanda L. Tan,Rachel J. Oidtman,Jason T. Ladner,Glenn Oliveira,Nathaniel L. Matteson,Moritz U.G. Kraemer,Chantal B.F. Vogels,Aaron Hentoff,Deepit Bhatia,Danielle Stanek,Blake Scott,Vanessa Landis,Ian Stryker,Marshall R. Cone,Edgar W. Kopp IV,Andrew C. Cannons,Lea Heberlein-Larson,Stephen White,Leah D. Gillis,Michael J. Ricciardi,Jaclyn Kwal,Paola K. Lichtenberger,Diogo M. Magnani,David I. Watkins,Gustavo Palacios,Davidson H. Hamer,GeoSentinel Surveillance Network,Lauren M. Gardner,T. Alex Perkins,Guy Baele,Kamran Khan,Andrea Morrison,Sharon Isern,Scott F. Michael,Kristian G. Andersen
Issue&Volume: Volume 178 Issue 5
Abstract: The Zika epidemic in the Americas has challenged surveillance and control. As the epidemic appears to be waning, it is unclear whether transmission is still ongoing, which is exacerbated by discrepancies in reporting. To uncover locations with lingering outbreaks, we investigated travel-associated Zika cases to identify transmission not captured by reporting. We uncovered an unreported outbreak in Cuba during 2017, a year after peak transmission in neighboring islands. By sequencing Zika virus, we show that the establishment of the virus was delayed by a year and that the ensuing outbreak was sparked by long-lived lineages of Zika virus from other Caribbean islands. Our data suggest that, although mosquito control in Cuba may initially have been effective at mitigating Zika virus transmission, such measures need to be maintained to be effective. Our study highlights how Zika virus may still be “silently” spreading and provides a framework for understanding outbreak dynamics.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2019.07.018
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(19)30783-4