近日，南京大学沈树忠团队绘制了寒武纪至三叠纪早期海洋无脊椎动物生物多样性的高分辨率记录。该项研究成果发表在2020年1月17日出版的《科学》上。

理解生命史的一项重大挑战是解决环境变化对生物多样性的影响。使用模拟退火和遗传算法来合成从3000多个地层中收集的11000种海洋化石物种数据，研究人员生成了时间分辨率为26±14.9千年的新寒武纪至三叠纪生物多样性曲线。分辨率的提高阐明了已知的多样化和灭绝事件的发生时间。对比分析表明，二氧化碳的分压是唯一似乎显示出与生物多样性相似的长期模式的环境因素，但是当通过去趋势分析该时间序列内的自相关时，这种相似性并未得到证实。这些结果表明，化石数据可以提供测试（古）生物学假设所必需的时间和分类学解决方案，其详细程度接近长期生态分析的要求。

附：英文原文

Title: A high-resolution summary of Cambrian to Early Triassic marine invertebrate biodiversity

Author: Jun-xuan Fan, Shu-zhong Shen, Douglas H. Erwin, Peter M. Sadler, Norman MacLeod, Qiu-ming Cheng, Xu-dong Hou, Jiao Yang, Xiang-dong Wang, Yue Wang, Hua Zhang, Xu Chen, Guo-xiang Li, Yi-chun Zhang, Yu-kun Shi, Dong-xun Yuan, Qing Chen, Lin-na Zhang, Chao Li, Ying-ying Zhao

Issue&Volume: 2020/01/17

Abstract: One great challenge in understanding the history of life is resolving the influence of environmental change on biodiversity. Simulated annealing and genetic algorithms were used to synthesize data from 11,000 marine fossil species, collected from more than 3000 stratigraphic sections, to generate a new Cambrian to Triassic biodiversity curve with an imputed temporal resolution of 26 ± 14.9 thousand years. This increased resolution clarifies the timing of known diversification and extinction events. Comparative analysis suggests that partial pressure of carbon dioxide (Pco2) is the only environmental factor that seems to display a secular pattern similar to that of biodiversity, but this similarity was not confirmed when autocorrelation within that time series was analyzed by detrending. These results demonstrate that fossil data can provide the temporal and taxonomic resolutions necessary to test (paleo)biological hypotheses at a level of detail approaching those of long-term ecological analyses.

DOI: 10.1126/science.aax4953

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6475/272