近日，美国科罗拉多大学Gia K. Voeltz研究小组发现，内质网接触位点调节无膜细胞器动态。2020年1月31日，国际知名学术期刊《科学》发表了这一成果。

研究人员报道了无膜核糖核蛋白颗粒（例如P小体和应激颗粒）与ER膜之间的非经典界面。研究人员发现，P小体（PB）能够以可调的方式被束缚在人类细胞的ER上。ER-PB接触和PB生物发生是通过改变PB组成、ER形状或ER翻译能力来调节的。此外，ER接触位点定义了PB和应激颗粒分裂发生的位置。因此，研究人员认为，ER在调节无膜细胞器的组装和拆卸中起着基本作用。

据了解，ER与其他有膜细胞器之间的相互作用可实现离子和/或大分子的高效转移，并为细胞器分裂提供平台。

附：英文原文

Title: Endoplasmic reticulum contact sites regulate the dynamics of membraneless organelles

Author: Jason E. Lee, Peter I. Cathey, Haoxi Wu, Roy Parker, Gia K. Voeltz

Issue&Volume: 2020/01/31

Abstract: Tethered interactions between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and other membrane-bound organelles allow for efficient transfer of ions and/or macromolecules and provide a platform for organelle fission. Here, we describe an unconventional interface between membraneless ribonucleoprotein granules, such as processing bodies (P-bodies, or PBs) and stress granules, and the ER membrane. We found that PBs are tethered at molecular distances to the ER in human cells in a tunable fashion. ER-PB contact and PB biogenesis were modulated by altering PB composition, ER shape, or ER translational capacity. Furthermore, ER contact sites defined the position where PB and stress granule fission occurs. We thus suggest that the ER plays a fundamental role in regulating the assembly and disassembly of membraneless organelles.

DOI: 10.1126/science.aay7108

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6477/eaay7108