日本东京农工大学Ikuo Kimura、庆应义塾大学Koji Hase等研究人员合作发现，妊娠期小鼠母体肠道菌群能够影响后代的代谢表型。该研究于2020年2月28日发表于国际学术期刊《科学》。

研究人员表明母体微生物群体会塑造小鼠后代的代谢系统。在怀孕期间，母体微生物群体产生的短链脂肪酸通过胚胎GPR41和GPR43决定神经、肠道和胰腺细胞的分化。这一发育过程有助于维持产后能量的动态平衡，这一事实证明，即使在常规条件下饲养时，来自无菌母亲的后代也极易发生代谢综合症。 因此，这些发现详细阐述了母体肠道环境与代谢综合征发展起源之间的联系。

据悉，抗生素和饮食习惯会影响肠道微生物群落，从而影响疾病的易感性。尽管微生物群体对产后环境的影响已得到充分证明，但关于胚胎期肠道菌群的影响知之甚少。

附：英文原文

Title: Maternal gut microbiota in pregnancy influences offspring metabolic phenotype in mice

Author: Ikuo Kimura, Junki Miyamoto, Ryuji Ohue-Kitano, Keita Watanabe, Takahiro Yamada, Masayoshi Onuki, Ryo Aoki, Yosuke Isobe, Daiji Kashihara, Daisuke Inoue, Akihiko Inaba, Yuta Takamura, Satsuki Taira, Shunsuke Kumaki, Masaki Watanabe, Masato Ito, Fumiyuki Nakagawa, Junichiro Irie, Hiroki Kakuta, Masakazu Shinohara, Ken Iwatsuki, Gozoh Tsujimoto, Hiroaki Ohno, Makoto Arita, Hiroshi Itoh, Koji Hase

Issue&Volume: 2020/02/28

Abstract: AbstractAntibiotics and dietary habits can affect the gut microbial community, thus influencing disease susceptibility. Although the effect of microbiota on the postnatal environment has been well documented, much less is known regarding the impact of gut microbiota at the embryonic stage. Here we show that maternal microbiota shapes the metabolic system of offspring in mice. During pregnancy, short-chain fatty acids produced by the maternal microbiota dictate the differentiation of neural, intestinal, and pancreatic cells through embryonic GPR41 and GPR43. This developmental process helps maintain postnatal energy homeostasis, as evidenced by the fact that offspring from germ-free mothers are highly susceptible to metabolic syndrome, even when reared under conventional conditions. Thus, our findings elaborate on a link between the maternal gut environment and the developmental origin of metabolic syndrome.

DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw8429

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6481/eaaw8429