中国科学院生物物理研究所王晓群等研究人员合作揭示小鼠和人类在神经元发育方面共享保守的转录程序
研究人员使用单细胞RNA测序来描述了人类神经节突起的细胞多样性，神经节突起是人类胎儿大脑的过渡性结构，纹状体和皮质的GABA能神经元在这里生成。研究人员确定了产生各种投射神经元和中间神经元的基础祖细胞的区域和时间多样性。研究人员发现，这些细胞在人类神经节突起中被指定为转录程序，与以前在啮齿类动物中确定的程序相似。这些发现揭示了一种进化上保守的调控逻辑，其控制着人类端脑中GABA能神经元的规格、迁移和分化。
据介绍，遗传变异通过影响特定细胞类型的发展而赋予神经发育障碍的易感性。皮质和纹状体中表达γ-氨基丁酸（GABA能）的神经元的变化在自闭症和精神分裂症中很常见。
附：英文原文
Title: Mouse and human share conserved transcriptional programs for interneuron development
Author: Yingchao Shi, Mengdi Wang, Da Mi, Tian Lu, Bosong Wang, Hao Dong, Suijuan Zhong, Youqiao Chen, Le Sun, Xin Zhou, Qiang Ma, Zeyuan Liu, Wei Wang, Junjing Zhang, Qian Wu, Oscar Marín, Xiaoqun Wang
Issue&Volume: 2021-12-10
Abstract: Genetic variation confers susceptibility to neurodevelopmental disorders by affecting the development of specific cell types. Changes in cortical and striatal γ-aminobutyric acid–expressing (GABAergic) neurons are common in autism and schizophrenia. In this study, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize the emergence of cell diversity in the human ganglionic eminences, the transitory structures of the human fetal brain where striatal and cortical GABAergic neurons are generated. We identified regional and temporal diversity among progenitor cells underlying the generation of a variety of projection neurons and interneurons. We found that these cells are specified within the human ganglionic eminences by transcriptional programs similar to those previously identified in rodents. Our findings reveal an evolutionarily conserved regulatory logic controlling the specification, migration, and differentiation of GABAergic neurons in the human telencephalon.
DOI: abj6641
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abj6641