中国科学技术大学田志刚等研究人员合作发现，肝脏1型先天淋巴样细胞通过干扰素γ依赖性环路在局部发育。2021年3月26日，国际知名学术期刊《科学》发表了这一成果。

研究人员发现，成年小鼠肝脏含有来源于胎儿肝脏的Lin^-Sca-1⁺Mac-1⁺造血干细胞。这个群体包括可以生成肝脏1型先天性淋巴样细胞（ILC1）的Lin^-CD122⁺CD49a⁺祖细胞，但不能产生常规的自然杀伤细胞。

肝脏ILC1自身产生的干扰素γ（IFN-γ）通过影响它们的IFN-γR⁺肝祖细胞而促进了这些细胞的原位发育。因此，IFN-γ依赖性环路原位驱动了肝脏ILC1的发育，从而突出了髓外造血对肝脏区域免疫组成的贡献。 

据介绍，导致组织驻留淋巴细胞，包括肝脏ILC1发育的途径仍不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Liver type 1 innate lymphoid cells develop locally via an interferon-γ–dependent loop

Author: Lu Bai, Margaux Vienne, Ling Tang, Yann Kerdiles, Marion Etiennot, Bertrand Escalière, Justine Galluso, Haiming Wei, Rui Sun, Eric Vivier, Hui Peng, Zhigang Tian

Issue&Volume: 2021/03/26

Abstract: The pathways that lead to the development of tissue-resident lymphocytes, including liver type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1s), remain unclear. We show here that the adult mouse liver contains LinSca-1+Mac-1+ hematopoietic stem cells derived from the fetal liver. This population includes LinCD122+CD49a+ progenitors that can generate liver ILC1s but not conventional natural killer cells. Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production by the liver ILC1s themselves promotes the development of these cells in situ, through effects on their IFN-γR+ liver progenitors. Thus, an IFN-γ–dependent loop drives liver ILC1 development in situ, highlighting the contribution of extramedullary hematopoiesis to regional immune composition within the liver.

DOI: 10.1126/science.aba4177

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/371/6536/eaba4177