德国拜罗伊特大学Manuel J. Steinbauer、澳大利亚南安普顿大学Sandra Nogué等研究人员合作揭示人类定居对于岛屿生物多样性的影响。2021年4月30日，国际知名学术期刊《科学》发表了这一成果。

通过分析全球各岛近5000年来的27个代表性化石花粉序列，研究人员量化了人类到达前后植被组成的变化速率。在人类到达后，改变频率以中值系数11加速，并且在过去1500年中定居的岛屿比早期定居的要快。全球人为改变的加速增长表明岛屿正处于持续变化的轨道上。生物多样性保护和生态系统恢复的战略必须考虑人类影响的长期性，以及当今生态变化与人类前动态之间的差异程度。

据悉，岛屿是人类活动在地球上定居和改造的最后区域之一，它们为分析人们如何影响生态功能提供了可复制的模型系统。

附：英文原文

Title: The human dimension of biodiversity changes on islands

Author: Sandra Nogué, Ana M. C. Santos, H. John B. Birks, Svante Bjrck, Alvaro Castilla-Beltrán, Simon Connor, Erik J. de Boer, Lea de Nascimento, Vivian A. Felde, José María Fernández-Palacios, Cynthia A. Froyd, Simon G. Haberle, Henry Hooghiemstra, Karl Ljung, Sietze J. Norder, Josep Peuelas, Matthew Prebble, Janelle Stevenson, Robert J. Whittaker, Kathy J. Willis, Janet M. Wilmshurst, Manuel J. Steinbauer

Issue&Volume: 2021/04/30

Abstract: Islands are among the last regions on Earth settled and transformed by human activities, and they provide replicated model systems for analysis of how people affect ecological functions. By analyzing 27 representative fossil pollen sequences encompassing the past 5000 years from islands globally, we quantified the rates of vegetation compositional change before and after human arrival. After human arrival, rates of turnover accelerate by a median factor of 11, with faster rates on islands colonized in the past 1500 years than for those colonized earlier. This global anthropogenic acceleration in turnover suggests that islands are on trajectories of continuing change. Strategies for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem restoration must acknowledge the long duration of human impacts and the degree to which ecological changes today differ from prehuman dynamics.

DOI: 10.1126/science.abd6706

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/372/6541/488