美国纽约大学Gyrgy Buzsáki、Antonio Fernández-Ruiz等研究合作发现内嗅皮层和齿状回神经元群体之间的伽马节律交流。该项研究成果发表在2021年4月2日出版的《科学》上。

伽马振荡被认为可以协调整个大脑区域功能特定的神经元群体的脉冲时间。为了验证这一假设，研究人员在遗传上扰动了大鼠内侧（MEC）和外侧（LEC）内嗅皮层的伽马峰时间，并分别发现了空间和对象学习任务的障碍。MEC和LEC分别通过高和低伽玛频率节律与海马齿状回同步，并以任务依赖的方式涉及颗粒细胞或苔状细胞和CA3锥体细胞。伽玛扰动破坏了学习引起的目标神经元重组。

这个发现暗示，特定途径的伽马振荡在内嗅海马回路的不同神经元亚群之间传递任务相关的信息。因此，研究人员假设区域间的伽马时间尺度脉冲协调是神经元沟通的机制。 

附：英文原文

Title: Gamma rhythm communication between entorhinal cortex and dentate gyrus neuronal assemblies

Author: Antonio Fernández-Ruiz, Azahara Oliva, Marisol Soula, Florbela Rocha-Almeida, Gergo A. Nagy, Gonzalo Martin-Vazquez, Gyrgy Buzsáki

Issue&Volume: 2021/04/02

Abstract: Gamma oscillations are thought to coordinate the spike timing of functionally specialized neuronal ensembles across brain regions. To test this hypothesis, we optogenetically perturbed gamma spike timing in the rat medial (MEC) and lateral (LEC) entorhinal cortices and found impairments in spatial and object learning tasks, respectively. MEC and LEC were synchronized with the hippocampal dentate gyrus through high- and low-gamma-frequency rhythms, respectively, and engaged either granule cells or mossy cells and CA3 pyramidal cells in a task-dependent manner. Gamma perturbation disrupted the learning-induced assembly organization of target neurons. Our findings imply that pathway-specific gamma oscillations route task-relevant information between distinct neuronal subpopulations in the entorhinal-hippocampal circuit. We hypothesize that interregional gamma-time-scale spike coordination is a mechanism of neuronal communication.

DOI: 10.1126/science.abf3119

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/372/6537/eabf3119