瑞士巴塞尔大学Fiona Doetsch研究组发现从静止状态释放干细胞能够揭示成年小鼠大脑中的胶质生成域。2021年6月11日出版的《科学》杂志发表了这项成果。

他们展示了血小板来源的生长因子受体β（PDGFRβ）由产生嗅球中间神经元和神经胶质的成人心室-脑室下区 (V-SVZ)  神经干细胞 (NSC)表达。成人 V-SVZ NSCs 中 PDGFRβ 的选择性缺失导致它们从静止状态中释放，揭示不同神经胶质细胞类型的神经胶质生成域。这些域也在受损时被招募。 他们确定了一种源自脑室内神经干细胞的脑室内少突胶质祖细胞，该祖细胞与室管膜上轴突接触。

总之，他们的研究结果表明，除了用于神经发生的空间域外，成体 V-SVZ 还包含用于胶质生成的空间域。这些神经胶质生成的 NSC 域在体内平衡下往往是静止的，可能有助于大脑的可塑性。

据介绍，成年小鼠V-SVZ中的静止NSC发生激活以生成神经元和一些神经胶质。

附：英文原文

Title: Release of stem cells from quiescence reveals gliogenic domains in the adult mouse brain

Author: Ana C. Delgado, Angel R. Maldonado-Soto, Violeta Silva-Vargas, Dogukan Mizrak, Thomas von Knel, Kelly R. Tan, Alex Paul, Aviv Madar, Henar Cuervo, Jan Kitajewski, Chyuan-Sheng Lin, Fiona Doetsch

Issue&Volume: 2021/06/11

Abstract: Quiescent neural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult mouse ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) undergo activation to generate neurons and some glia. Here we show that platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ) is expressed by adult V-SVZ NSCs that generate olfactory bulb interneurons and glia. Selective deletion of PDGFRβ in adult V-SVZ NSCs leads to their release from quiescence, uncovering gliogenic domains for different glial cell types. These domains are also recruited upon injury. We identify an intraventricular oligodendrocyte progenitor derived from NSCs inside the brain ventricles that contacts supraependymal axons. Together, our findings reveal that the adult V-SVZ contains spatial domains for gliogenesis, in addition to those for neurogenesis. These gliogenic NSC domains tend to be quiescent under homeostasis and may contribute to brain plasticity.

DOI: 10.1126/science.abg8467

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/372/6547/1205