美国圣裘德儿童研究医院J. Paul Taylor研究组近日取得一项新成果。经过不懈努力，他们发现泛素化对于热休克后细胞活性的恢复至关重要。该研究于2021年6月25日发表于国际学术期刊《科学》杂志。

在哺乳动物培养细胞过程中，研究人员发现不同的压力引发了不同模式的泛素化。对于热应激而言，热应激期间下调的与细胞活动相关的特定蛋白质会被泛素化，包括核质转运和翻译以及应激颗粒组分蛋白。这些过程的关闭或应激颗粒的形成不需要泛素化，但泛素化对于细胞活性的恢复和应激颗粒的分解必不可少。因此，应激诱导的泛素化对于细胞在热应激后的恢复至关重要。

研究人员表示，真核细胞通过适应性程序应对各种压力，包括关键细胞过程的可逆关闭、压力颗粒的形成和整体泛素化水平的增加。一般认为泛素化的主要功能是标记受损或错误折叠的蛋白质以促进其降解。

附：英文原文

Title: Ubiquitination is essential for recovery of cellular activities after heat shock

Author: Brian A. Maxwell, Youngdae Gwon, Ashutosh Mishra, Junmin Peng, Haruko Nakamura, Ke Zhang, Hong Joo Kim, J. Paul Taylor

Issue&Volume: 2021/06/25

Abstract: Eukaryotic cells respond to stress through adaptive programs that include reversible shutdown of key cellular processes, the formation of stress granules, and a global increase in ubiquitination. The primary function of this ubiquitination is thought to be for tagging damaged or misfolded proteins for degradation. Here, working in mammalian cultured cells, we found that different stresses elicited distinct ubiquitination patterns. For heat stress, ubiquitination targeted specific proteins associated with cellular activities that are down-regulated during stress, including nucleocytoplasmic transport and translation, as well as stress granule constituents. Ubiquitination was not required for the shutdown of these processes or for stress granule formation but was essential for the resumption of cellular activities and for stress granule disassembly. Thus, stress-induced ubiquitination primes the cell for recovery after heat stress.

DOI: 10.1126/science.abc3593

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/372/6549/eabc3593