德国马克斯普朗克动物行为研究所Lucy M. Aplin和Barbara C. Klump研究团队合作取得一项新突破。他们报道了城市鹦鹉复杂觅食文化的创新与地理传播。该研究于2021年7月23日发表于国际一流学术期刊《科学》杂志上。

他们描述了一个关于城市环境文化适应发展的假定案例：野生硫凤头鹦鹉打开家庭垃圾箱。 社区科学报告的空间网络分析揭示了通过社会学习的方式，垃圾箱开放的地理分布从澳大利亚悉尼的三个到44 个郊区。对 160 次直接观察的分析揭示了个人风格和特定地点的差异。

他们描述了从创新传播到地理变异出现的完整途径，证明鹦鹉的觅食文化并表明鹦鹉存在复杂的文化。打开垃圾箱与人类提供的机会直接相关，突出了文化促进对人为变化的行为反应的潜力。

据悉，文化中创新的出现、传播和建立可以促进对人为变化的适应性反应。

附：英文原文

Title: Innovation and geographic spread of a complex foraging culture in an urban parrot

Author: Barbara C. Klump, John M. Martin, Sonja Wild, Jana K. Hrsch, Richard E. Major, Lucy M. Aplin

Issue&Volume: 2021/07/23

Abstract: The emergence, spread, and establishment of innovations within cultures can promote adaptive responses to anthropogenic change. We describe a putative case of the development of a cultural adaptation to urban environments: opening of household waste bins by wild sulphur-crested cockatoos. A spatial network analysis of community science reports revealed the geographic spread of bin opening from three suburbs to 44 in Sydney, Australia, by means of social learning. Analysis of 160 direct observations revealed individual styles and site-specific differences. We describe a full pathway from the spread of innovation to emergence of geographic variation, evidencing foraging cultures in parrots and indicating the existence of cultural complexity in parrots. Bin opening is directly linked to human-provided opportunities, highlighting the potential for culture to facilitate behavioral responses to anthropogenic change.

DOI: 10.1126/science.abe7808

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/373/6553/456