近日，美国宾夕法尼亚大学Taku Kambayashi及其小组发现，胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素通过皮脂分泌过多诱导脂肪流失。2021年7月30日，国际知名学术期刊《科学》发表了这一成果。

研究人员发现，胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素（TSLP）刺激T细胞诱导选择性的白色脂肪流失，从而防止肥胖，改善葡萄糖代谢，并减轻非酒精性脂肪性肝炎。出乎意料的是，脂肪流失不是由食物摄入、吸收或能量消耗的改变引起的。相反，它是由脂质通过皮肤以皮脂的形式过度流失而引起的。TSLP和T细胞在稳定状态下调节皮脂释放和皮脂相关抗菌肽的表达。

在人类皮肤中，TSLP的表达与皮脂相关的基因表达直接相关。因此，研究人员建立了一个范式，其中脂肪损失可以通过皮脂分泌过多来实现，并发现适应性免疫在皮肤屏障功能中通过皮脂分泌的作用。

据介绍，新的研究表明，免疫系统可以调节全身的代谢。

附：英文原文

Title: Thymic stromal lymphopoietin induces adipose loss through sebum hypersecretion

Author: Ruth Choa, Junichiro Tohyama, Shogo Wada, Hu Meng, Jian Hu, Mariko Okumura, Rebecca M. May, Tanner F. Robertson, Ruth-Anne Langan Pai, Arben Nace, Christian Hopkins, Elizabeth A. Jacobsen, Malay Haldar, Garret A. FitzGerald, Edward M. Behrens, Andy J. Minn, Patrick Seale, George Cotsarelis, Brian Kim, John T. Seykora, Mingyao Li, Zoltan Arany, Taku Kambayashi

Issue&Volume: 2021/07/30

Abstract: Emerging studies indicate that the immune system can regulate systemic metabolism. Here, we show that thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) stimulates T cells to induce selective white adipose loss, which protects against obesity, improves glucose metabolism, and mitigates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Unexpectedly, adipose loss was not caused by alterations in food intake, absorption, or energy expenditure. Rather, it was induced by the excessive loss of lipids through the skin as sebum. TSLP and T cells regulated sebum release and sebum-associated antimicrobial peptide expression in the steady state. In human skin, TSLP expression correlated directly with sebum-associated gene expression. Thus, we establish a paradigm in which adipose loss can be achieved by means of sebum hypersecretion and uncover a role for adaptive immunity in skin barrier function through sebum secretion.

DOI: 10.1126/science.abd2893

Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/373/6554/eabd2893