论文标题：Understand the local and regional contributions on air pollution from the view of human health impacts (从人体健康影响的角度了解本地排放和区域传输对空气污染的贡献)

期刊： Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering

作者：YueqiJiang（姜越琪）,Jia Xing（邢佳）,Shuxiao Wang（王书肖）,Xing Chang（常兴）,Shuchang Liu（刘书畅）,Aijun Shi（石爱军）,Baoxian Liu（刘保献）,Shovan Kumar Sahu

发表时间：03 Dec 2020

DOI：10.1007/s11783-020-1382-2

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编者荐语：

《前沿》系列之《环境科学与工程前沿》最新研究荐读

原文链接：

http://journal.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-020-1382-2

文章出版：Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. 2021, 15(5): 88

原文信息

题目：

Understand the local and regional contributions on air pollution from the view of human health impacts

作者：

YueqiJiang（姜越琪）^1,2, Jia Xing (?) （邢佳）^1,2, Shuxiao Wang（王书肖）^1,2, Xing Chang（常兴）^1,2, Shuchang Liu（刘书畅）^1,2, Aijun Shi（石爱军）3, Baoxian Liu（刘保献）^1,4, Shovan Kumar Sahu^1,2

作者单位：

1 State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing100084, China

2 State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, China

3 Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environment Protection, Beijing 100037, China

4 Beijing Key Laboratory of Airborne Particulate Matter Monitoring Technology, Beijing Municipal Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing 100048, China

关键词：

PM_2.5 (细颗粒物); Regional transport (区域传输); Local emissions (本地排放); Health impact (健康影响); Environmental inequality (环境不公平性)

文章亮点

• 在京津冀及周边地区约有22.7万死亡人数与PM_2.5有关。

• 与PM_2.5浓度相比，本地排放物对PM_2.5相关死亡的贡献更大。

• 若仅考虑本地排放控制对浓度的影响，则低估了本地排放产生的影响。

• 郊区居民比城区居民受到区域传输影响更大。

• 减少区域传输有助于缓解环境不公平性

文章简介

PM_2.5（俗称细颗粒物）对能见度、气候和生态系统有着重大影响，是最受关注的污染物之一。我国超过70%的城市PM_2.5浓度不符合国家环境空气质量二级标准，尤其是京津冀地区。以往的研究中已经建立了京津冀及周边地区PM_2.5浓度的源-受体传输矩阵。然而，由于浓度的空间分布不完全与人群的空间分布一致，这种基于浓度的源-受体传输矩阵可能不能完全反映污染物控制在减少PM_2.5相关健康影响方面的重要性。为此，本文采用CMAQ-ISAM源解析模型，对京津冀及周边地区2017年PM_2.5进行数值模拟，结合综合暴露-响应函数（IER），研究了PM_2.5相关死亡的源-受体传输矩阵。

结果表明，本地排放对PM_2.5相关死亡的相对贡献率比对PM_2.5浓度的相对贡献率高0.75%到20.77%。该结果说明了本地排放控制对于减少PM_2.5对健康的影响的重要性，特别是对本地居民的影响。区域传输对郊区PM_2.5相关死亡的贡献率比城区高22%。从某种意义上讲，这导致了环境不公平性，与享有丰富资源、受教育水平更高的城区居民相比，留在郊区且获得较少教育资源的人受到区域传输的影响更大。区域联防联控可以有效减少PM_2.5污染的区域传输，进而在缓解环境不公平性方面产生意想不到的效果。

图1 摘要图

摘要

The source-receptor matrix of PM_2.5 concentration from local and regional sources in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) and surrounding provinces has been created in previous studies. However, because the spatial distribution of concentration does not necessarily match with that of the population, such concentration-based source-receptor matrix may not fully reflect the importance of pollutant control effectiveness in reducing the PM_2.5-related health impacts. To demonstrate that, we study the source-receptor matrix of the PM_2.5-related deaths instead, with inclusion of the spatial correlations between the concentrations and the population. The advanced source apportionment numerical model combined with the integrated exposure–response functions is used for BTH and surrounding regions in 2017. We observed that the relative contribution to PM_2.5-related deaths of local emissions was 0.75% to 20.77% larger than that of PM_2.5 concentrations. Such results address the importance of local emissions control for reducing health impacts of PM_2.5 particularly for local residents. Contribution of regional transport to PM_2.5-related deaths in rural area was 22% larger than that in urban area due to the spatial pattern of regional transport which was more related to the rural population. This resulted in an environmental inequality in the sense that people staying in rural area with access to less educational resources are subjected to higher impacts from regional transport as compared with their more resourceful and knowledgeable urban compatriots. An unexpected benefit from the multi-regional joint controls is suggested for its effectiveness in reducing the regional transport of PM_2.5 pollution thus mitigating the associated environmental inequality.

编者点评

虽然PM2.5在地球大气成分中含量很少，但其在大气中的停留时间长、输送距离远，对人体健康和大气环境质量的影响很大。本文研究了PM2.5相关死亡的源-受体传输矩阵，包括浓度与人口之间的空间相关性，采用先进的源解析数值模型，结合综合暴露-响应函数，对京津冀及周边地区2017年的数据进行了数值模拟，并对今后工作提出了改进意见。

本期编辑

潘亭，女，25岁，北京化工大学化学工程学院2020级环境科学与工程专业硕士生，导师为张婷婷教授，研究方向为微塑料的环境行为与降解机制。

《前沿》系列英文学术期刊

由教育部主管、高等教育出版社主办的《前沿》（Frontiers）系列英文学术期刊，于2006年正式创刊，以网络版和印刷版向全球发行。系列期刊包括基础科学、生命科学、工程技术和人文社会科学四个主题，是我国覆盖学科最广泛的英文学术期刊群，其中13种被SCI收录，其他也被A&HCI、Ei、MEDLINE或相应学科国际权威检索系统收录，具有一定的国际学术影响力。系列期刊采用在线优先出版方式，保证文章以最快速度发表。

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