研究人员报告了整个小鼠中枢神经系统（CNS）的星形胶质细胞分子概况、多样性和形态。研究人员确定了共享的和区域特定的星形细胞基因和功能，并探索了其区域多样性的细胞起源。研究人员确定了与星形细胞形态相关的基因网络，其中几个意外地包含阿尔茨海默病（AD）风险基因。CRISPR/Cas9介导的候选基因减少降低了星形细胞形态的复杂性，并导致了认知障碍。
同样的基因在人类AD、显示星形细胞形态减少的AD小鼠模型以及其他人类大脑疾病中都被下调。因此，研究人员提供了关于整个中枢神经系统的星形细胞多样性和机制，以及健康和疾病中星形细胞形态的分子基础的全面分子数据。
据悉，星形胶质细胞是胶质细胞的一种类型，并且是丰富且形态复杂的细胞。
附：英文原文
Title: Molecular basis of astrocyte diversity and morphology across the CNS in health and disease
Author: Fumito Endo, Atsushi Kasai, Joselyn S. Soto, Xinzhu Yu, Zhe Qu, Hitoshi Hashimoto, Viviana Gradinaru, Riki Kawaguchi, Baljit S. Khakh
Issue&Volume: 2022-11-04
Abstract: Astrocytes, a type of glia, are abundant and morphologically complex cells. Here, we report astrocyte molecular profiles, diversity, and morphology across the mouse central nervous system (CNS). We identified shared and region-specific astrocytic genes and functions and explored the cellular origins of their regional diversity. We identified gene networks correlated with astrocyte morphology, several of which unexpectedly contained Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk genes. CRISPR/Cas9–mediated reduction of candidate genes reduced astrocyte morphological complexity and resulted in cognitive deficits. The same genes were down-regulated in human AD, in an AD mouse model that displayed reduced astrocyte morphology, and in other human brain disorders. We thus provide comprehensive molecular data on astrocyte diversity and mechanisms across the CNS and on the molecular basis of astrocyte morphology in health and disease.
DOI: adc9020
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adc9020