研究人员评估了来自北美38个州的1210只秃鹰和金鹰的铅暴露，包括620只活鹰。研究人员发现鹰类铅中毒的频率出乎意料地高，包括慢性的（46%到47%的秃鹰和金鹰，在骨骼中测量）和急性的（27%到33%的秃鹰和7%到35%的金鹰，在肝脏、血液和羽毛中测量）。铅中毒的频率受年龄的影响，对于秃鹰来说，受地区和季节的影响。整个大陆的群体统计学模型表明，这种程度的中毒抑制了秃鹰3.8%（95%置信区间：2.5%，5.4%）和金鹰0.8%（0.7%，0.9%）的群体增长率。铅中毒是对这些标志性保护物种大陆范围内种群的一个未被充分重视但重要的限制因素。
据介绍，铅中毒发生在世界各地的捕食性鸟类种群中，但暴露率和种群影响仅从区域研究中得知。
附：英文原文
Title: Demographic implications of lead poisoning for eagles across North America
Author: Vincent A. Slabe, James T. Anderson, Brian A. Millsap, Jeffrey L. Cooper, Alan R. Harmata, Marco Restani, Ross H. Crandall, Barbara Bodenstein, Peter H. Bloom, Travis Booms, John Buchweitz, Renee Culver, Kim Dickerson, Robert Domenech, Ernesto Dominguez-Villegas, Daniel Driscoll, Brian W. Smith, Michael J. Lockhart, David McRuer, Tricia A. Miller, Patricia A. Ortiz, Krysta Rogers, Matt Schwarz, Natalie Turley, Brian Woodbridge, Myra E. Finkelstein, Christian A. Triana, Christopher R. DeSorbo, Todd E. Katzner
Issue&Volume: 2022-02-18
Abstract: Lead poisoning occurs worldwide in populations of predatory birds, but exposure rates and population impacts are known only from regional studies. We evaluated the lead exposure of 1210 bald and golden eagles from 38 US states across North America, including 620 live eagles. We detected unexpectedly high frequencies of lead poisoning of eagles, both chronic (46 to 47% of bald and golden eagles, as measured in bone) and acute (27 to 33% of bald eagles and 7 to 35% of golden eagles, as measured in liver, blood, and feathers). Frequency of lead poisoning was influenced by age and, for bald eagles, by region and season. Continent-wide demographic modeling suggests that poisoning at this level suppresses population growth rates for bald eagles by 3.8% (95% confidence interval: 2.5%, 5.4%) and for golden eagles by 0.8% (0.7%, 0.9%). Lead poisoning is an underappreciated but important constraint on continent-wide populations of these iconic protected species.
DOI: abj3068
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abj3068