法国巴黎大学
研究人员评估了有时间限定的肠道细菌挑战对小鼠长期第3组先天性淋巴细胞（ILC3）激活的影响。研究人员发现，肠道ILC3在暴露于鼠柠檬酸杆菌后以激活状态持续了几个月。再次挑战时，这些"训练有素"的ILC3发生增殖，显示出增强的白细胞介素-22（IL-22）反应，并且与初始ILC3相比，具有控制感染的卓越能力。
暴露于鼠柠檬酸杆菌的ILC3会发生代谢变化，但只有训练有素的ILC3具有增强的增殖能力，这有助于增加IL-22的产生。因此，与病原体的有限接触可以促进肠道ILC3的持久表型和功能变化，有助于长期粘膜防御。
据了解，第3组先天性淋巴细胞（ILC3s）是有助于宿主防御的先天性免疫效应器。ILC3的功能在遇到病原体后是否会被稳定地改变尚不清楚。
附：英文原文
Title: Trained ILC3 responses promote intestinal defense
Author: Nicolas Serafini, Angélique Jarade, Laura Surace, Pedro Goncalves, Odile Sismeiro, Hugo Varet, Rachel Legendre, Jean-Yves Coppee, Olivier Disson, Scott K. Durum, Gad Frankel, James P. Di Santo
Issue&Volume: 2022-02-25
Abstract: Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are innate immune effectors that contribute to host defense. Whether ILC3 functions are stably modified after pathogen encounter is unknown. Here, we assess the impact of a time-restricted enterobacterial challenge to long-term ILC3 activation in mice. We found that intestinal ILC3s persist for months in an activated state after exposure to Citrobacter rodentium. Upon rechallenge, these “trained” ILC3s proliferate, display enhanced interleukin-22 (IL-22) responses, and have a superior capacity to control infection compared with nave ILC3s. Metabolic changes occur in C. rodentium–exposed ILC3s, but only trained ILC3s have an enhanced proliferative capacity that contributes to increased IL-22 production. Accordingly, a limited encounter with a pathogen can promote durable phenotypic and functional changes in intestinal ILC3s that contribute to long-term mucosal defense.
DOI: aaz8777
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aaz8777