美国俄亥俄州立大学Matthew B. Sullivan团队近期取得重要工作进展。他们研究发现了处于地球RNA病毒组进化起源的神秘且丰富的海洋病毒
在这项研究中，研究人员分析了约28TB的全球海洋RNA序列，以扩展地球的RNA病毒目录及其分类，调查它们的进化起源，并评估它们从一极到另一极的海洋生物地理学特征。 使用新方法来优化他们的发现并进行分类，研究人员确定了需要对分类学进行实质性修改（加倍门并添加超过50% 的新类别）和进化理解的RNA 病毒。 “物种”级别的丰度测定表明，新门“Taraviricota”的病毒是早期 RNA 病毒进化中缺失的一环，“Arctiviricota”在海洋中广泛分布并占主导地位。 这些发现提供了将 RNA 病毒整合到生态和流行病学模型中的关键基础知识。
据了解，虽然人们已经认识到DNA病毒具有丰富性、多样性且通常是生态系统关键的参与者，但在疾病环境之外，对RNA病毒的研究还不够。
附：英文原文
Title: Cryptic and abundant marine viruses at the evolutionary origins of Earth’s RNA virome
Author: Ahmed A. Zayed, James M. Wainaina, Guillermo Dominguez-Huerta, Eric Pelletier, Jiarong Guo, Mohamed Mohssen, Funing Tian, Akbar Adjie Pratama, Benjamin Bolduc, Olivier Zablocki, Dylan Cronin, Lindsey Solden, Erwan Delage, Adriana Alberti, Jean-Marc Aury, Quentin Carradec, Corinne da Silva, Karine Labadie, Julie Poulain, Hans-Joachim Ruscheweyh, Guillem Salazar, Elan Shatoff, Tara Oceans Coordinators, Ralf Bundschuh, Kurt Fredrick, Laura S. Kubatko, Samuel Chaffron, Alexander I. Culley, Shinichi Sunagawa, Jens H. Kuhn, Patrick Wincker, Matthew B. Sullivan, Silvia G. Acinas, Marcel Babin, Peer Bork, Emmanuel Boss, Chris Bowler, Guy Cochrane, Colomban de Vargas, Gabriel Gorsky, Lionel Guidi, Nigel Grimsley, Pascal Hingamp, Daniele Iudicone, Olivier Jaillon, Stefanie Kandels, Lee Karp-Boss, Eric Karsenti, Fabrice Not, Hiroyuki Ogata, Nicole Poulton, Stéphane Pesant, Christian Sardet, Sabrinia Speich, Lars Stemmann, Matthew B. Sullivan, Shinichi Sungawa, Patrick Wincker
Issue&Volume: 2022-04-08
Abstract: Whereas DNA viruses are known to be abundant, diverse, and commonly key ecosystem players, RNA viruses are insufficiently studied outside disease settings. In this study, we analyzed ≈28 terabases of Global Ocean RNA sequences to expand Earth’s RNA virus catalogs and their taxonomy, investigate their evolutionary origins, and assess their marine biogeography from pole to pole. Using new approaches to optimize discovery and classification, we identified RNA viruses that necessitate substantive revisions of taxonomy (doubling phyla and adding >50% new classes) and evolutionary understanding. “Species”-rank abundance determination revealed that viruses of the new phyla “Taraviricota,” a missing link in early RNA virus evolution, and “Arctiviricota” are widespread and dominant in the oceans. These efforts provide foundational knowledge critical to integrating RNA viruses into ecological and epidemiological models.
DOI: abm5847
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abm5847