论文标题：Quantitative analysis of microplastics in coastal tidal-flat reclamation in Dongtai, China . (中国东台滨海潮滩围垦区的微塑料污染分析研究)

期刊：Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering

作者：Xue Bai (白雪) , Chang Li (李畅) , Lingyu Ma (马岭钰) , Pei Xin (辛沛) , Fengjie Li (李凤杰) , Zhenjia Xu (徐振佳)

发表时间：04 Jan 2022

DOI：10.1007/s11783-022-1528-5

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原文链接：

https://journal.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-022-1528-5

文章出版：Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. 2022, 16(8): 107

原文信息

题目：

Quantitative analysis of microplastics in coastal tidal-flat reclamation in Dongtai, China

作者：

Xue Bai () (白雪) ^1,2, Chang Li (李畅) ¹, Lingyu Ma (马岭钰) ¹, Pei Xin (辛沛) ², Fengjie Li (李凤杰) ¹, Zhenjia Xu (徐振佳) ¹

作者单位：

1 Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China

2 Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China

通讯作者邮箱：

[email protected]

关键词：

Coastal reclamation (滨海围垦区);

Engineering geotextiles (工程土工布);

Soil microplastics (土壤微塑料);

Weathering simulation (风化模拟);

Marine emission (入海排放)

文章亮点

• 围垦工程是影响海岸微塑料风险的重要原因之一；

• 滨海潮滩围垦区是沉积微塑料的大型赋存介质；

• 土壤微塑料的风化和分布特征具有空间异质性；

• 滨海风化的工程土工布是对海洋生态健康的重大威胁。

文章简介

近年来，滨海潮滩作为陆源微塑料入海的直接途径之一而受到广泛关注。在滨海潮滩中，滩涂围垦工程日益频繁，但其对环境的影响尚未明晰。因此，本文评估了围垦土工布的微塑料排放特性及相应的环境风险。本文通过对采自东台滨海潮滩围垦地区的土工布样品进行形态特征分析，提供了沉积风化作用的证据，并基于一定条件假设，估算土工布覆盖区域内土壤微塑料的平均丰度为349±137个/千克（干重），围垦区内总微塑料荷载约为20.67±8.06 吨。与以往研究对比表明，本文中滨海围垦区赋存的微塑料丰度较高，在一定程度上加剧了海洋微塑料污染。条件破碎模型结果表明，滨海潮滩土壤微塑料的风化和分布特征具有明显的空间异质性，比内陆地区更容易受潮汐等自然因素的影响。而源自工程土工布的微塑料在潮汐作用下的年入海排放量估算结果约为2465.52±960.77 吨。上述结果证明工程材料风化产生的微塑料所带来的环境风险不容忽视，需要针对其更确切的迁移规律和毒理机制开展相关研究，以期优化分析技术、完善管理政策。

图1 摘要图

编者点评

我国在“十四五规划”中正式确定“新污染物”概念，并将“微塑料”纳入新污染物治理管控范畴。本研究重点关注滨海潮滩围垦工程的土工布风化后对土壤微塑料赋存量、空间分布特征、在潮汐作用下入海通量的影响，评价其环境风险，对开展相关污染治理行动具有一定指导作用。

致 谢

白雪，教授，博士生导师。河海大学环境学院环境科学系主任，哈佛大学高级访问研究员，江苏清华大学校友会副秘书长。研究方向为新型水处理技术、纳米污染物和微塑料的迁移转化归趋研究。

李畅，女，23岁，河海大学环境学院2020级环境科学与工程专业博士，研究方向为微塑料的环境行为及风险评价。

摘要

Coastal tidal flats have received considerable attention in recent years, as they provide a direct channel for the discharge of terrestrial microplastics into the ocean. Land reclamation is occurring increasingly frequently in coastal tidal-flats; however, the environmental impacts of these activities remain unclear. Therefore, this pioneering study assessed the microplastic emission characteristics of reclamation geotextiles and performed a risk assessment accordingly. Morphological characterization of geotextile samples collected from five sites in Dongtai, China, provided evidence of sedimentary weathering. Based on several assumptions, the average abundance of microplastics in soil covered by geotextiles was estimated to reach 349±137 particles/kg dry weight, with the total microplastic load in the reclaimed area estimated to be 20.67±8.06 t. Compared with previous studies, this research demonstrates that coastal reclamation areas store a high concentration of microplastics, aggravating marine microplastic pollution. Moreover, conditional fragmentation model results revealed that the weathering and distribution characteristics of soil microplastics in coastal tidal-flat areas exhibit spatial heterogeneity, being more easily affected by natural factors (such as tides) than those in inland areas. As a result of tides, the annual discharge of geotextile-originating microplastics from the studied areas into the ocean was approximately 2465.52±960.77 t. These findings prove that the risks posed by engineering-microplastics are significant, indicating that further investigations are required on the precise laws of transfer and migration, as well as the toxicity mechanisms, in order to improve analytical techniques and policies in this field.

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