瑞士伯尔尼大学Antoine Adamantidis研究团队揭示相悖的体树突解耦支持快速眼动 (REM)睡眠期间的皮质可塑性。这一研究成果发表在2022年5月13日出版的国际学术期刊《科学》上。

他们发现 REM 睡眠与前额叶皮层锥体神经元的体树突解耦有关。这种解耦反映了小白蛋白神经元介导的体细胞抑制和血管活性肠肽介导的树突状去抑制之间抑制平衡的转变，主要由中央内侧丘脑的神经元驱动。REM 特异性对树突活性的光遗传学抑制导致在联想学习过程中失去危险与安全的辨别力，并且缺乏突触可塑性，而体细胞抑制的光遗传学释放导致增强的辨别力和突触增强。REM睡眠期间的体树突解耦促进相反的突触可塑性机制，优化对未来行为压力源的情绪反应。

研究人员表示，REM睡眠与情绪记忆的巩固有关。然而，潜在的新皮质回路和突触机制仍不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Paradoxical somatodendritic decoupling supports cortical plasticity during REM sleep

Author: Mattia Aime, Niccolò Calcini, Micaela Borsa, Tiago Campelo, Thomas Rusterholz, Andrea Sattin, Tommaso Fellin, Antoine Adamantidis

Issue&Volume: 2022-05-13

Abstract: Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is associated with the consolidation of emotional memories. Yet, the underlying neocortical circuits and synaptic mechanisms remain unclear. We found that REM sleep is associated with a somatodendritic decoupling in pyramidal neurons of the prefrontal cortex. This decoupling reflects a shift of inhibitory balance between parvalbumin neuron–mediated somatic inhibition and vasoactive intestinal peptide–mediated dendritic disinhibition, mostly driven by neurons from the central medial thalamus. REM-specific optogenetic suppression of dendritic activity led to a loss of danger-versus-safety discrimination during associative learning and a lack of synaptic plasticity, whereas optogenetic release of somatic inhibition resulted in enhanced discrimination and synaptic potentiation. Somatodendritic decoupling during REM sleep promotes opposite synaptic plasticity mechanisms that optimize emotional responses to future behavioral stressors.

DOI: abk2734

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abk2734