美国宾夕法尼亚大学David A. W. Miller、爱荷华州立大学Anne M. Bronikowski和伊利诺伊大学Beth A. Reinke团队合作的研究发现，等温四足动物不同的衰老速率为衰老和寿命进化提供了见解。该研究于2022年6月23日发表于国际学术期刊《科学》杂志。
研究人员利用107个非鸟类爬行动物和两栖动物种群（77个物种）的数据，对野生四足等温动物的衰老率和寿命进行了研究。研究人员测试了关于体温调节模式、环境温度、保护表型和生活史如何导致个体老龄化的假设。控制系统发育和体型，与吸热动物相比，恒温动物表现出更高的衰老率多样性，并且包含可忽略不计的衰老系统发育广泛证据。保护性表型和生活史策略进一步解释了衰老的宏观进化模式。在比较背景下分析恒温四足动物可以增强人们对衰老演变的理解。
据悉，对野生动物死亡率的比较研究是了解衰老演变所必要的；然而，缺乏对恒温四足动物的这种比较研究，尽管它们适合测试进化假设。
附：英文原文
Title: Diverse aging rates in ectothermic tetrapods provide insights for the evolution of aging and longevity
Author: Beth A. Reinke, Hugo Cayuela, Fredric J. Janzen, Jean-Franois Lematre, Jean-Michel Gaillard, A. Michelle Lawing, John B. Iverson, Ditte G. Christiansen, Iigo Martínez-Solano, Gregorio Sánchez-Montes, Jorge Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, Francis L. Rose, Nicola Nelson, Susan Keall, Alain J. Crivelli, Theodoros Nazirides, Annegret Grimm-Seyfarth, Klaus Henle, Emiliano Mori, Gatan Guiller, Rebecca Homan, Anthony Olivier, Erin Muths, Blake R. Hossack, Xavier Bonnet, David S. Pilliod, Marieke Lettink, Tony Whitaker, Benedikt R. Schmidt, Michael G. Gardner, Marc Cheylan, Franoise Poitevin, Ana Golubovi, Ljiljana Tomovi, Dragan Arsovski, Richard A. Griffiths, Jan W. Arntzen, Jean-Pierre Baron, Jean-Franois Le Galliard, Thomas Tully, Luca Luiselli, Massimo Capula, Lorenzo Rugiero, Rebecca McCaffery, Lisa A. Eby, Venetia Briggs-Gonzalez, Frank Mazzotti, David Pearson, Brad A. Lambert, David M. Green, Nathalie Jreidini, Claudio Angelini, Graham Pyke, Jean-Marc Thirion, Pierre Joly, Jean-Paul Léna, Anton D. Tucker, Col Limpus, Pauline Priol, Aurélien Besnard, Pauline Bernard, Kristin Stanford, Richard King, Justin Garwood, Jaime Bosch, Franco L. Souza, Jaime Bertoluci, Shirley Famelli, Kurt Grossenbacher, Omar Lenzi, Kathleen Matthews, Sylvain Boitaud, Deanna H. Olson, Tim S. Jessop, Graeme R. Gillespie, Jean Clobert, Murielle Richard, Andrés Valenzuela-Sánchez, Gary M. Fellers, Patrick M. Kleeman, Brian J. Halstead, Evan H. Campbell Grant, Phillip G. Byrne, Thierry Frétey, Bernard Le Garff, Pauline Levionnois, John C. Maerz, Julian Pichenot, Kurtulu Olgun, Nazan üzüm, Aziz Avc, Claude Miaud, Johan Elmberg, Gregory P. Brown, Richard Shine, Nathan F. Bendik, Lisa O’Donnell, Courtney L. Davis, Michael J. Lannoo, Rochelle M. Stiles, Robert M. Cox, Aaron M. Reedy, Daniel A. Warner, Eric Bonnaire, Kristine Grayson, Roberto Ramos-Targarona, Eyup Baskale, David Muoz, John Measey, F. Andre de Villiers, Will Selman, Victor Ronget, Anne M. Bronikowski, David A. W. Miller
Issue&Volume: 2022-06-24
Abstract: Comparative studies of mortality in the wild are necessary to understand the evolution of aging; yet, ectothermic tetrapods are underrepresented in this comparative landscape, despite their suitability for testing evolutionary hypotheses. We present a study of aging rates and longevity across wild tetrapod ectotherms, using data from 107 populations (77 species) of nonavian reptiles and amphibians. We test hypotheses of how thermoregulatory mode, environmental temperature, protective phenotypes, and pace of life history contribute to demographic aging. Controlling for phylogeny and body size, ectotherms display a higher diversity of aging rates compared with endotherms and include phylogenetically widespread evidence of negligible aging. Protective phenotypes and life-history strategies further explain macroevolutionary patterns of aging. Analyzing ectothermic tetrapods in a comparative context enhances our understanding of the evolution of aging.
DOI: abm0151
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abm0151