瑞士洛桑大学Sabine B. Rumpf研究团队报道了欧洲阿尔卑斯山脉经历积雪的减少和植被生产力的增加。2022年6月3日，国际知名学术期刊《科学》发表了这一成果。

他们证明了在过去的 40 年中，树线以上 77% 的欧洲阿尔卑斯山经历了绿化（生产力提高）和 <1% 的褐变（生产力损失）。 在此期间，积雪显著减少，但面积小于 10%。这些趋势之间的相关性很弱：在夏季气候变化的推动下，较温暖地区的绿化占主导地位，而在降水变化的推动下，积雪衰退在较冷的温度下达到顶峰。绿化可以增加碳封存，但这不太可能超过负面影响，包括减少反照率和可用水量、解冻永久冻土和栖息地丧失。

据悉，山脉是生物多样性和生态系统服务的热点地区，但它们变暖的速度大约是全球平均速度的两倍。气候变化可能会减少高山积雪覆盖，增加植被生产力，就像在北极一样。

附：英文原文

Title: From white to green: Snow cover loss and increased vegetation productivity in the European Alps

Author: Sabine B. Rumpf, Mathieu Gravey, Olivier Brnnimann, Miska Luoto, Carmen Cianfrani, Gregoire Mariethoz, Antoine Guisan

Issue&Volume: 2022-06-03

Abstract: Mountains are hotspots of biodiversity and ecosystem services, but they are warming about twice as fast as the global average. Climate change may reduce alpine snow cover and increase vegetation productivity, as in the Arctic. Here, we demonstrate that 77% of the European Alps above the tree line experienced greening (productivity gain) and <1% browning (productivity loss) over the past four decades. Snow cover declined significantly during this time, but in <10% of the area. These trends were only weakly correlated: Greening predominated in warmer areas, driven by climatic changes during summer, while snow cover recession peaked at colder temperatures, driven by precipitation changes. Greening could increase carbon sequestration, but this is unlikely to outweigh negative implications, including reduced albedo and water availability, thawing permafrost, and habitat loss.

DOI: abn6697

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abn6697