近日，美国加州大学戴维斯分校Anthony J. Barley等研究人员发现，鞭尾蜥蜴的演化网络揭示杂交的可预测结果。2022年8月11日出版的《科学》杂志发表了这项成果。

研究人员为最大的单性脊椎动物群估计了一个全面的演化网络，并利用它来理解杂交的演化结果。研究结果表明，物种间的基因渗入随着分化后时间的推移而降低，并表明在杂交导致向单性的过渡之前，物种必须达到演化差异的阈值。杂交率也预测了鞭尾蜥蜴的全基因组遗传多样性模式。这些结果区分了以前没有测试过的杂交模型，并表明演化的结果是可以预测的。

据悉，不同谱系之间的杂交与物种多样性的产生和丧失、基因渗入、适应性和生殖方式的改变有关，但何时以及为什么会导致这些不同的结果还不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: The evolutionary network of whiptail lizards reveals predictable outcomes of hybridization

Author: Anthony J. Barley, Adrián Nieto-Montes de Oca, Norma L. Manríquez-Morán, Robert C. Thomson

Issue&Volume: 2022-08-12

Abstract: Hybridization between diverging lineages is associated with the generation and loss of species diversity, introgression, adaptation, and changes in reproductive mode, but it is unknown when and why it results in these divergent outcomes. We estimate a comprehensive evolutionary network for the largest group of unisexual vertebrates and use it to understand the evolutionary outcomes of hybridization. Our results show that rates of introgression between species decrease with time since divergence and suggest that species must attain a threshold of evolutionary divergence before hybridization results in transitions to unisexuality. Rates of hybridization also predict genome-wide patterns of genetic diversity in whiptail lizards. These results distinguish among models for hybridization that have not previously been tested and suggest that the evolutionary outcomes can be predictable.

DOI: abn1593

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abn1593