研究人员表示，处于全日照下的作物叶子将吸收的过多光能以热量的形式散失，从而造成损害。这种保护性消散在叶片过渡到阴凉处后继续进行，减少了作物的光合作用。通过生物工程加速这种调整，有研究增加了烟草在田间的光合作用效率和生物量。但这是否也能转化为粮食作物的增产？
研究人员对大豆进行了同样的生物工程改造。在重复的田间试验中，在波动的光线下光合作用效率更高，在五个独立的转化事件中种子产量增加了33%。尽管种子数量增加，但种子蛋白质和油的含量没有改变。这证明了提高光合作用效率是一项急需的战略，可持续地提高作物产量来支持未来的全球粮食安全。
附：英文原文
Title: Soybean photosynthesis and crop yield are improved by accelerating recovery from photoprotection
Author: Amanda P. De Souza, Steven J. Burgess, Lynn Doran, Jeffrey Hansen, Lusya Manukyan, Nina Maryn, Dhananjay Gotarkar, Lauriebeth Leonelli, Krishna K. Niyogi, Stephen P. Long
Issue&Volume: 2022-08-19
Abstract: Crop leaves in full sunlight dissipate damaging excess absorbed light energy as heat. This protective dissipation continues after the leaf transitions to shade, reducing crop photosynthesis. A bioengineered acceleration of this adjustment increased photosynthetic efficiency and biomass in tobacco in the field. But could that also translate to increased yield in a food crop Here we bioengineered the same change into soybean. In replicated field trials, photosynthetic efficiency in fluctuating light was higher and seed yield in five independent transformation events increased by up to 33%. Despite increased seed quantity, seed protein and oil content were unaltered. This validates increasing photosynthetic efficiency as a much needed strategy toward sustainably increasing crop yield in support of future global food security.
DOI: adc9831
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adc9831