美国俄勒冈大学Nathaniel Klema小组在最新研究中，分析了美国哥伦比亚河峡谷的岩浆起源。相关论文于2023年12月22日发表在《科学进展》杂志上。

研究人员将长期的岩浆活动、喀斯喀特山脉的隆起和随后的地形发育联系起来，探讨了哥伦比亚河峡谷的地表变形模式和相关的河流裂缝的成因。暴露在峡谷壁上，隆起的古河道限制了不稳定的深部岩浆通量，侵入岩浆与喷出岩浆对地形的贡献比，以及350万年前以来，岩浆作用对哥伦比亚河切割的影响。

地球物理数据表明，岛弧轴下的深部岩浆流正在流入，并且与火山构筑物当前的位置不一致，这代表了对岛弧构造的广泛区域影响。

据介绍，沿俯冲带，高起伏地形与平行于板块边缘的持续火山活动有关。然而，岩浆活动与岛弧造山活动之间的关系尚不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: The magmatic origin of the Columbia River Gorge, USA

Author: Nathaniel Klema, Leif Karlstrom, Charles Cannon, Chengxin Jiang, Jim O’Connor, Ray Wells, Brandon Schmandt

Issue&Volume: 2023-12-22

Abstract: Along subduction zones, high-relief topography is associated with sustained volcanism parallel to the plate margin. However, the relationship between magmatism and mountain building in arcs is poorly understood. Here, we study patterns of surface deformation and correlated fluvial knickpoints in the Columbia River Gorge to link long-term magmatism to the uplift and ensuing topographic development of the Cascade Range. An upwarped paleochannel exposed in the walls of the Gorge constrains unsteady deep magma flux, the ratio of intrusive to extrusive magmatic contributions to topography, and the impact of magmatism on Columbia River incision since 3.5 million years ago. Geophysical data indicate that deep magma influx beneath the arc axis is ongoing and not aligned with the current locations of volcanic edifices, representing a broad regional influence on arc construction.

DOI: adj3357

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adj3357