更频繁的大气河流减缓了北极海冰的季节性恢复，这一成果由美国宾夕法尼亚州立大学大学Zhang, Pengfei的研究小组经过不懈努力而取得。2023年2月6日出版的《自然—气候变化》杂志发表了这一最新研究成果。

通过主题观测和气候模式模拟，研究小组发现1979-2021年，巴伦支-喀拉海海和北极中部初冬的大气河流频率增加。更频繁的大气河流所携带的水分加剧了地面向下的长波辐射和降雨，导致薄而脆弱的冰盖融化加剧，减缓了海冰的季节性恢复，这是巴伦支-喀拉海和北极中部海冰覆盖面积减少的34%的原因。一系列模式集合实验表明，除了响应人为变暖的均匀大气河流增加外，热带太平洋变率也对观测到的北极大气河流变化有贡献。

据了解，近几十年来，北极海冰覆盖率在冬季急剧下降，而在融化季节结束后，海冰预计会恢复。目前还不清楚大气过程，如大气河流(ARs)-强烈的水汽输送走廊，在多大程度上导致了海冰恢复的减少。

附：英文原文

Title: More frequent atmospheric rivers slow the seasonal recovery of Arctic sea ice

Author: Zhang, Pengfei, Chen, Gang, Ting, Mingfang, Ruby Leung, L., Guan, Bin, Li, Laifang

Issue&Volume: 2023-02-06

Abstract: In recent decades, Arctic sea-ice coverage underwent a drastic decline in winter, when sea ice is expected to recover following the melting season. It is unclear to what extent atmospheric processes such as atmospheric rivers (ARs), intense corridors of moisture transport, contribute to this reduced recovery of sea ice. Here, using observations and climate model simulations, we find a robust frequency increase in ARs in early winter over the Barents–Kara Seas and the central Arctic for 1979–2021. The moisture carried by more frequent ARs has intensified surface downward longwave radiation and rainfall, caused stronger melting of thin, fragile ice cover and slowed the seasonal recovery of sea ice, accounting for 34% of the sea-ice cover decline in the Barents–Kara Seas and central Arctic. A series of model ensemble experiments suggests that, in addition to a uniform AR increase in response to anthropogenic warming, tropical Pacific variability also contributes to the observed Arctic AR changes.

DOI: 10.1038/s41558-023-01599-3

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-023-01599-3