美国伊利诺伊理工大学Mohammad Asadi报道了一种由固体电解质驱动的室温可充电锂基锂空气电池。相关研究成果于2023年2月3日发表在国际顶尖学术期刊《科学》。

基于氧化锂（Li₂O）形成的锂空气电池理论上可以提供与汽油相当的能量密度。氧化锂的形成涉及四电子反应，这比分别产生超氧化物锂（LiO₂）和过氧化锂（Li₂O₂）的单电子和双电子反应过程更难实现。

通过使用基于嵌入改性聚环氧乙烷聚合物基质中的Li₁₀GeP₂S₁₂纳米颗粒的复合聚合物电解质，研究发现Li₂O是室温固态锂空气电池的主要产物。电池可在低极化间隙下充电1000次，并可高速运行。四电子反应是通过混合离子-电子传导放电产物及其与空气的界面实现的。

附：英文原文

Title: A room temperature rechargeable Li2O-based lithium-air battery enabled by a solid electrolyte

Author: Alireza Kondori, Mohammadreza Esmaeilirad, Ahmad Mosen Harzandi, Rachid Amine, Mahmoud Tamadoni Saray, Lei Yu, Tongchao Liu, Jianguo Wen, Nannan Shan, Hsien-Hau Wang, Anh T. Ngo, Paul C. Redfern, Christopher S. Johnson, Khalil Amine, Reza Shahbazian-Yassar, Larry A. Curtiss, Mohammad Asadi

Issue&Volume: 2023-02-03

Abstract: A lithium-air battery based on lithium oxide (Li2O) formation can theoretically deliver an energy density that is comparable to that of gasoline. Lithium oxide formation involves a four-electron reaction that is more difficult to achieve than the one- and two-electron reaction processes that result in lithium superoxide (LiO2) and lithium peroxide (Li2O2), respectively. By using a composite polymer electrolyte based on Li10GeP2S12 nanoparticles embedded in a modified polyethylene oxide polymer matrix, we found that Li2O is the main product in a room temperature solid-state lithium-air battery. The battery is rechargeable for 1000 cycles with a low polarization gap and can operate at high rates. The four-electron reaction is enabled by a mixed ion–electron-conducting discharge product and its interface with air.

DOI: abq1347

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abq1347