研究人员表明，植物核苷酸结合的富含亮氨酸的重复免疫受体（NLR）可以被用作结合荧光蛋白（FP）的纳米抗体（单域抗体片段）融合的支架。这些融合物在相应的FP存在时引发免疫反应，并赋予对表达FP的植物病毒的抗性。由于纳米抗体可以针对大多数分子产生，免疫受体-纳米抗体融合有可能产生对植物病原体和害虫在宿主细胞内传递效应物的抵抗力。
据了解，植物病原体导致了经常性的流行病，威胁着作物产量和全球粮食安全。重组植物免疫系统的努力仅限于修改天然成分，并可能因新病原体菌株的出现而失效。定制的合成植物免疫受体提供了一个机会，可以定制对田间存在的病原体基因型的抵抗。
附：英文原文
Title: NLR immune receptor–nanobody fusions confer plant disease resistance
Author: Jiorgos Kourelis, Clemence Marchal, Andres Posbeyikian, Adeline Harant, Sophien Kamoun
Issue&Volume: 2023-03-03
Abstract: Plant pathogens cause recurrent epidemics, threatening crop yield and global food security. Efforts to retool the plant immune system have been limited to modifying natural components and can be nullified by the emergence of new pathogen strains. Made-to-order synthetic plant immune receptors provide an opportunity to tailor resistance to pathogen genotypes present in the field. In this work, we show that plant nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat immune receptors (NLRs) can be used as scaffolds for nanobody (single-domain antibody fragment) fusions that bind fluorescent proteins (FPs). These fusions trigger immune responses in the presence of the corresponding FP and confer resistance against plant viruses expressing FPs. Because nanobodies can be raised against most molecules, immune receptor–nanobody fusions have the potential to generate resistance against plant pathogens and pests delivering effectors inside host cells.
DOI: abn4116
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abn4116