美国斯坦福大学Irving L. Weissman等研究人员合作完成人类神经干细胞和祖细胞的纯化和表征。相关论文于2023年3月16日发表于国际学术期刊《细胞》。
研究人员描述了一种利用细胞表面标志物从发育中的人脑中前瞻性地分离出10种不同神经干细胞和祖细胞（NSPC）类型的方法。CD24-THY1-/lo细胞富集了放射状胶质细胞，这些细胞在小鼠大脑中有力地移植并分化成所有三个神经谱系。THY1hi细胞标记了致力于少突胶质细胞命运的单能少突胶质细胞前体，而CD24+THY1-/lo细胞标记了成为兴奋性和抑制性神经元谱系。值得注意的是，研究人员确定了一种转录组上不同的THY1hiEGFRhiPDGFRA-双潜能胶质祖细胞（GPC），它对星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞有谱系限制，但对神经元没有限制。这项研究为人类神经发育中不同细胞类型的功能研究提供了一个框架。
据介绍，人类大脑在妊娠中期经历了快速发育，从NSPC池中产生了成熟大脑的神经元、少突胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞。由于缺乏精确的纯化方法，这些细胞类型的功能研究一直受到阻碍。
附：英文原文
Title: Purification and characterization of human neural stem and progenitor cells
Author: Daniel Dan Liu, Joy Q. He, Rahul Sinha, Anna E. Eastman, Angus M. Toland, Maurizio Morri, Norma F. Neff, Hannes Vogel, Nobuko Uchida, Irving L. Weissman
Issue&Volume: 2023/03/16
Abstract: The human brain undergoes rapid development at mid-gestation from a pool of neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs) that give rise to the neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes of the mature brain. Functional study of these cell types has been hampered by a lack of precise purification methods. We describe a method for prospectively isolating ten distinct NSPC types from the developing human brain using cell-surface markers. CD24THY1/lo cells were enriched for radial glia, which robustly engrafted and differentiated into all three neural lineages in the mouse brain. THY1hi cells marked unipotent oligodendrocyte precursors committed to an oligodendroglial fate, and CD24+THY1/lo cells marked committed excitatory and inhibitory neuronal lineages. Notably, we identify and functionally characterize a transcriptomically distinct THY1hiEGFRhiPDGFRA bipotent glial progenitor cell (GPC), which is lineage-restricted to astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, but not to neurons. Our study provides a framework for the functional study of distinct cell types in human neurodevelopment.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.02.017
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(23)00160-5