近日，美国贝尔中心Joshua J.C. Rosenthal等研究人员合作发现，章鱼中依赖温度的RNA编辑广泛地重新编码神经蛋白质组。2023年6月8日，国际知名学术期刊《细胞》发表了这一成果。
研究人员报告说，在温度改变之后，加州双斑章鱼的神经蛋白质组通过RNA编辑发生了大规模的重新配置。超过13000个密码子受到影响，许多改变了对神经过程至关重要的蛋白质。对于两个对温度高度敏感的例子，重新编码调整了蛋白质功能。对于突触结合蛋白，一个依赖Ca2+的神经递质释放的关键成分，晶体结构和支持性实验显示，编辑改变了Ca2+的结合。对于驱动轴突运输的运动蛋白驱动蛋白-1，编辑调节了沿着微管的运输速度。对野生捕获标本的季节性取样表明，在野外也会发生依赖温度的编辑。这些数据表明，在章鱼以及很可能在其他类群中，A-to-I编辑对温度反应的神经生理功能进行调整。
据介绍，在水陆两栖动物中，温度变化对生理功能的整合提出了挑战。在行为复杂的头足类动物的复杂神经系统中，这些问题是实质性的。通过腺苷脱氨的RNA编辑是适应环境的一个很好的机制。
附：英文原文
Title: Temperature-dependent RNA editing in octopus extensively recodes the neural proteome
Author: Matthew A. Birk, Noa Liscovitch-Brauer, Matthew J. Dominguez, Sean McNeme, Yang Yue, J. Damon Hoff, Itamar Twersky, Kristen J. Verhey, R. Bryan Sutton, Eli Eisenberg, Joshua J.C. Rosenthal
Issue&Volume: 2023/06/08
Abstract: In poikilotherms, temperature changes challenge the integration of physiological function. Within the complex nervous systems of the behaviorally sophisticated coleoid cephalopods, these problems are substantial. RNA editing by adenosine deamination is a well-positioned mechanism for environmental acclimation. We report that the neural proteome of Octopus bimaculoides undergoes massive reconfigurations via RNA editing following a temperature challenge. Over 13,000 codons are affected, and many alter proteins that are vital for neural processes. For two highly temperature-sensitive examples, recoding tunes protein function. For synaptotagmin, a key component of Ca2+-dependent neurotransmitter release, crystal structures and supporting experiments show that editing alters Ca2+ binding. For kinesin-1, a motor protein driving axonal transport, editing regulates transport velocity down microtubules. Seasonal sampling of wild-caught specimens indicates that temperature-dependent editing occurs in the field as well. These data show that A-to-I editing tunes neurophysiological function in response to temperature in octopus and most likely other coleoids.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.05.004
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(23)00523-8