该研究团队提出了一种通用的表面设计策略，用于制备具有预定义法向力和摩擦力关系的干粗糙界面。这种元界面通过将表面形貌简化为球形凹凸体的集合，成功地规避了摩擦学中常见的多尺度挑战。通过优化单个凸起的高度，可以针对性地实现特定的摩擦定律。通过使用各种厘米尺度的弹性体-玻璃元界面，研究人员揭示了三种可实现的摩擦定律，包括具有特定摩擦系数的线性定律和非寻常的非线性定律。
这种设计策略不仅不依赖于规模和材料，而且无需使用化学物质，是一种节能且适应性强的智能界面途径。
据悉，触摸屏和机械手等许多设备都涉及到摩擦接触，优化这些设备需要对界面的摩擦定律进行精细控制。然而，科学家们目前缺乏系统的方法来创建摩擦行为符合预设规格的干接触界面。
附：英文原文
Title: Designing metainterfaces with specified friction laws
Author: Antoine Aymard, Emilie Delplanque, Davy Dalmas, Julien Scheibert
Issue&Volume: 2024-01-12
Abstract: Many devices, including touchscreens and robotic hands, involve frictional contacts. Optimizing these devices requires fine control of the interface’s friction law. We lack systematic methods to create dry contact interfaces whose frictional behavior satisfies preset specifications. We propose a generic surface design strategy to prepare dry rough interfaces that have predefined relationships between normal and friction forces. Such metainterfaces circumvent the usual multiscale challenge of tribology by considering simplified surface topographies as assemblies of spherical asperities. Optimizing the individual asperities’ heights enables specific friction laws to be targeted. Through various centimeter-scaled elastomer-glass metainterfaces, we illustrate three types of achievable friction laws, including linear laws with a specified friction coefficient and unusual nonlinear laws. This design strategy represents a scale- and material-independent, chemical-free pathway toward energy-saving and adaptable smart interfaces.
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adk4234