该研究团队介绍并从理论上分析了，一种制备和检测光学悬浮粒子的非高斯量子态的方案。该方案通过与产生立方势和反演势的光脉冲相互作用来实现。研究表明，这种方法可以在足够短的时间和长度尺度上操作，从而克服退相干问题，这在当前最先进的实验条件下是可达到的。具体来说，研究人员预测了可以在毫秒级时间尺度上，观察到质量超过108个原子质量单位的纳米粒子的单粒子干涉。
该实验仅使用光学和静电控制，可以在大约10-10毫巴和室温下进行。研究人员还讨论了这种方法在不使用投影测量或内部能级结构的情况下，相干分裂大质量介电物体波包的前景。
附：英文原文
Title: Fast quantum interference of a nanoparticle via optical potential control
Author: Neumeier, Lukas, Ciampini, Mario A., Romero-Isart, Oriol, Aspelmeyer, Markus, Kiesel, Nikolai
Issue&Volume: 2024-1-16
Abstract: We introduce and theoretically analyze a scheme to prepare and detect non-Gaussian quantum states of an optically levitated particle via the interaction with light pulses that generate cubic and inverted potentials. We show that this approach allows to operate on sufficiently short time- and length scales to beat decoherence in a regime accessible in state-of-the-art experiments. Specifically, we predict the observation of single-particle interference of a nanoparticle with a mass above 108 atomic mass units delocalized by several nanometers, on timescales of milliseconds. The proposed experiment uses only optical and electrostatic control, and can be performed at about 10-10 mbar and at room temperature. We discuss the prospect of this method for coherently splitting the wavepacket of massive dielectric objects without using either projective measurements or an internal level structure.
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2306953121
Source: https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2306953121