中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所张芸团队，在研究新疆南部的表土孢粉和现代植被上取得新进展。相关论文于2024年1月22日发表在《中国科学：地球科学》杂志上。

研究人员在南疆(34°00′-43°00′N, 74°00′-94°00′E)海拔范围为888-4530m的地区，采集了188份孢粉表明样品。还对昆仑山北部和天山南部的表土花粉和植被进行了研究。结果表明：天山南坡(3530-1124m)的表土孢粉组合可分为山地、山地荒漠草原和山地荒漠3个孢粉带；这些带以Artemisia、Chenopodiaceae科和Ephedra孢粉为主导。帕米尔高原东部(4530-1287m)表土孢粉组合可划分为高寒草甸、山地荒漠草原和山地荒漠带，以Artemisia、Chenopodiaceae科和Asteraceae科孢粉为主。然而，塔里木盆地南部(3548-888m)包括山地荒漠草原和山地荒漠带，以Artemisia和Chenopodiaceae科孢粉为主。

研究利用ArcGIS，R-值和Pearson相关分析，以获取的表土孢粉地点的地理分布，结果表明，代表性过高的Picea和Pinus孢粉来自于外部，主要由风、水(河流)和冰(冰川运动)传输。Ephedra和Nitraria孢粉主要分布在山地荒漠和荒漠草原地带。Chenopodiaceae科和Artemisia孢粉在南疆分布广泛。Juglans孢粉主要集中在核桃树区，表明当地存在亲本植物。混合单粒子拉格朗日积分轨迹模型显示，春夏季外来气流向帕米尔高原输送的Pinus孢粉较多，其表土孢粉含量较高。研究强调，阐明南疆现代孢粉与植被之间的关系，可为大尺度古环境重建提供描述新疆表土孢粉数据库的数据。

附：英文原文

Title: Surface pollen and modern vegetation in Southern Xinjiang, China

Author: Yun ZHANG, Lixin CHEN, Yaoyao XI, Zhaochen KONG, Xianguo QIAO

Issue&Volume: 2024-01-22

Abstract: The study of modern pollen, and vegetation can improve the accuracy of paleoenvironmental reconstruction based on fossil pollen data. A total of 188 pollen surface samples were collected from Southern Xinjiang (34°00′–43°00′N, 74°00′–94°00′E) in China, with an elevation range of 888–4530m. Surface pollen and vegetation were studied in the northern region of the Kunlun Mountains and the southern region of the Tianshan Mountains. The results showed that the surface pollen assemblages on the southern slope of the Tianshan Mountains (3530–1124m) were divided into three pollen zones, namely, montane steppe, montane desert steppe, and montane desert. These zones were dominated by Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae, and Ephedra pollen. The surface pollen assemblages in the eastern Pamir Plateau (4530–1287m) could be divided into alpine meadow, montane desert steppe, and montane desert zones, which were predominantly characterized by Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae, and Asteraceae pollen. However, the Southern Tarim Basin (3548–888m) comprised montane desert steppe and montane desert zones, which was dominated by Artemisia and Chenopodiaceae pollen. The geographic distribution of the surface pollen sites obtained using ArcGIS, the R-value, and Pearson correlation analyses indicated that the over-represented Picea and Pinus pollen were of external origin and were transported by wind, water (rivers), and ice (glacier movement). Over-representation of Ephedra and Nitraria pollen was mainly distributed in the montane desert and desert steppe zones, respectively. Pollen from Chenopodiaceae and Artemisia were over-represented and broadly distributed across Southern Xinjiang. Juglans pollen was concentrated in areas with walnut trees, strongly indicating the presence of local parent plants. According to the Hybrid Single-particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model, more Pinus pollen was transported to the Pamir region by external airflows during spring and summer, resulting in its higher surface pollen content. Research elucidating the relationship between modern pollen and vegetation in southern Xinjiang could provide data describing the surface palynological database of Xinjiang for use in large-scale paleoenvironmental reconstructions.

DOI: 10.1007/s11430-022-1248-9

Source: https://www.sciengine.com/10.1007/s11430-022-1248-9