近日，意大利特伦托大学的Iacopo Carusotto与法国巴黎文理研究大学的Gian Marcello Andolina合作并取得一项新进展。他们揭示了超强耦合系统真空中的光-物质相互作用。相关研究成果已于2024年11月21日在国际知名学术期刊《物理评论A》上发表。

该研究团队从理论上研究了超强耦合系统真空态的独特性质，如何影响基本的光与物质相互作用过程。在这种非传统的电磁环境中，额外的发射体不再与裸腔光子耦合，而是与由超强耦合产生的极化激元模式耦合。因此，有效的光与物质相互作用强度对真空态扭曲的性质非常敏感。

研究人员批判性地讨论了关于真空态中修正后的量子涨落，和经典电磁学中的辐射反作用的不同解释。虽然这一讨论主要集中在半导体器件中子带间极化激元，这一实验上最相关的案例，但该研究的框架具有普适性，适用于一般的材料系统。

附：英文原文

Title: Light-matter interactions in the vacuum of ultrastrongly coupled systems

Author: Daniele De Bernardis, Gian Marcello Andolina, Iacopo Carusotto

Issue&Volume: 2024/11/21

Abstract: We theoretically study how the peculiar properties of the vacuum state of an ultrastrongly coupled system can affect basic light-matter interaction processes. In this unconventional electromagnetic environment, an additional emitter no longer couples to the bare cavity photons, but rather to the polariton modes emerging from the ultrastrong coupling. As such, the effective light-matter interaction strength is sensitive to the properties of the distorted vacuum state. Different interpretations of our predictions in terms of modified quantum fluctuations in the vacuum state and of radiative reaction in classical electromagnetism are critically discussed. Whereas our discussion is focused on the experimentally most relevant case of intersubband polaritons in semiconductor devices, our framework is fully general and applies to generic material systems.

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.110.053713

Source: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.110.053713