美国国立卫生研究院Yasmine Belkaid等研究人员合作发现，皮肤自主抗体的产生调控宿主-微生物群相互作用。相关论文于2024年12月11日在线发表在《自然》杂志上。

研究人员揭示了在皮肤内，宿主-微生物共生依赖于皮肤作为自主淋巴器官的显著能力。值得注意的是，与新皮肤共生菌的接触促进了两种平行反应，这两种反应都受到朗格汉斯细胞的控制。一方面，皮肤共生菌诱导在与IgG1和IgG3抗体反应相关的淋巴结内形成经典的生发中心。

另一方面，微生物定殖也导致在皮肤内形成三级淋巴器官，这些器官能够局部维持IgG2b和IgG2c反应。这些现象得到了调节性T细胞转化为T滤泡辅助细胞的能力的支持。皮肤自主抗体的产生足以控制局部微生物生物量，以及随后对同一微生物的全身性感染。

总体而言，这些结果揭示了对微生物群的体液反应的显著分区，从而实现对微生物共生及潜在致病性的控制。

据了解，微生物群定植在每个屏障部位，并广泛控制宿主生理。然而，当失控时，微生物定殖者也可以促进炎症并引发全身性感染。每个屏障组织采取的独特策略来控制宿主与微生物群的共存仍然很大程度上不为人知。

附：英文原文

Title: Skin autonomous antibody production regulates host-microbiota interactions

Author: Gribonika, Inta, Band, Victor I., Chi, Liang, Perez-Chaparro, Paula Juliana, Link, Verena M., Ansaldo, Eduard, Oguz, Cihan, Bousbaine, Djenet, Fischbach, Michael A., Belkaid, Yasmine

Issue&Volume: 2024-12-11

Abstract: The microbiota colonizes each barrier site and broadly controls host physiology1. However, when uncontrolled, microbial colonists can also promote inflammation and induce systemic infection2. The unique strategies employed at each barrier tissue to control the coexistence of the host with its microbiota remain largely elusive. Here we uncover that, within the skin, host-microbiota symbiosis depends on the remarkable ability of the skin to act as an autonomous lymphoid organ. Notably, an encounter with a new skin commensal promotes two parallel responses, both under the control of Langerhans cells. On one hand, skin commensals induce the formation of classical germinal centers within the lymph node associated with IgG1 and IgG3 antibody responses. On the other hand, microbial colonization also leads to the development of tertiary lymphoid organs within the skin that can locally sustain IgG2b and IgG2c responses. These phenomena are supported by the ability of regulatory T cells to convert into T follicular helper cells. Skin autonomous production of antibodies is sufficient to control local microbial biomass, as well as subsequent systemic infection with the same microbe. Collectively, these results reveal a striking compartmentalization of humoral responses to the microbiota allowing for control of both microbial symbiosis and potential pathogenesis.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08376-y

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08376-y