北京交通大学Xumin Ni研究组利用同种同源共享技术重建近期多种群迁徙史。相关论文于2024年2月27日在线发表在《遗传学报》上。

研究人员利用多种群中的血缘同源（IBD）共享提出了一个新的框架，并开发了一种MatrixIBD方法来重建多种群的近期迁移历史。具体来说，研究人员采用结构聚合理论对系谱过程进行精确建模，然后估算多种群间的IBD共享。在该模型中，研究人员建立了迁徙历史与IBD共享之间的理论联系。研究人员通过模拟对这一方法进行了严格评估，结果表明它具有显著的准确性和稳健性。

此外，研究人员将MatrixIBD应用于人类基因组多样性项目中的中亚和南亚地区，并成功重建了南亚地区三个密切相关种群的近期迁徙历史。通过同时考虑多个种群的IBD共享，MatrixIBD使研究人员能够更清晰、更全面地了解以复杂的迁移动态为特征的地区历史。这种方法提供了一个整体视角，让研究人员了解近期人口迁移历史中蕴含的复杂模式。

据了解，IBD是群体遗传学的一个基本基因组特征，已被广泛用于群体历史重建。然而，受限于IBD的性质，它只能捕捉两个个体/单倍型之间的关系，现有的基于IBD的历史推断仅限于两个种群。

附：英文原文

Title: Reconstruct recent multi-population migration history by using identical-by-descent sharing

Author: anonymous

Issue&Volume: 2024/02/27

Abstract: Identical-by-descent (IBD) is a fundamental genomic characteristic in population genetics and has been widely used for population history reconstruction. However, limited by the nature of IBD, which could only capture the relationship between two individuals/haplotypes, existing IBD-based history inference is constrained to two populations. In this study, we propose a novel framework by leveraging IBD sharing in multi-population and develop a method, MatrixIBD, to reconstruct recent multi-population migration history. Specifically, we employ the structured coalescent theory to precisely model the genealogical process and then estimate the IBD sharing across multiple populations. Within our model, we establish a theoretical connection between migration history and IBD sharing. Our method is rigorously evaluated through simulations, revealing its remarkable accuracy and robustness. Furthermore, we apply MatrixIBD to Central and South Asia in the Human Genome Diversity Project and successfully reconstruct the recent migration history of three closely related populations in South Asia. By taking into account the IBD sharing across multiple populations simultaneously, MatrixIBD enables us to attain clearer and more comprehensive insights into the history of regions characterized by complex migration dynamics. This approach provides a holistic perspective on intricate patterns embedded within the recent population migration history.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.02.006

Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1673852724000353