近日，中国地质大学（武汉）吴云龙团队在研究洞庭湖流域2022年干旱量化及近20年TWSA时空演变方面取得新进展。相关论文于2024年4月8日发表在《大地测量与地球动力学》杂志上。

研究人员利用近20年来的GRACE/GRACE-FO和GLDAS研究数据，探索DLB地区陆地蓄水异常（TWSA）的时空变化特征。从2019年7月到2023年5月，TWSA呈现明显下降趋势，根据GRACE/GRACE-FO和GLDAS确定的变化速率分别为每年-1.94cm和每年-1.99cm。研究人员采用GRACE—干旱严重程度指数(DSI)来识别和评估2022年DLB干旱事件的严重程度和时空演变。

研究结果准确捕捉了从2022年7月开始持续到2023年3月的干旱事件，其中最严重的干旱事件发生在2022年10月，GRACE-DSI值为-2.06，TWSA分别比2021年和2020年同月下降15.24cm和33.51cm。此外，2022年城陵矶水文站的日水位变化也打破了以往的记录，最小水位变化只有19m。2022年干旱事件与2006年和2011年的干旱事件相比，干旱对植被生长条件的影响相对较小，但整个DLB的植被仍然退化严重。

据悉，人类活动和全球变暖引发的异常大气扰动对干旱和洪水等极端水文事件的影响越来越大。在过去的20年里，由于复杂的气候变化，洞庭湖流域（DLB）经历了严峻的环境条件，伴随着极端的洪涝和干旱。

附：英文原文

Title: Quantifying the 2022 drought and spatiotemporal evolution of TWSA in the Dongting Lake Basin over the past two decades

Author: Yunlong Wu b

Issue&Volume: 2024/04/08

Abstract: Extreme hydrological events such as droughts and floods have been increasingly influenced by abnormal atmospheric disturbances caused by human activity and global warming. The Dongting Lake Basin (DLB) has experienced challenging circumstances over the past 20 years due to complex climatic variations, leading to extreme flooding and drought. This study aims to investigate the spatiotemporal variation in terrestrial water storage anomalies (TWSA) over the DLB using data from the GRACE/GRACE-FO and GLDAS spanning the latest two decades. A significant decline trend in TWSA is unveiled from July 2019 to May 2023, with the rate of change determined as-1.94 cm/year and-1.99 cm/year based on the GRACE/GRACE-FO and GLDAS, respectively. The GRACE- Drought Severity Index (DSI) is employed to identify and evaluate the severity and spatiotemporal evolution of the 2022 drought event in the DLB. The results accurately capture the drought event, which began in July 2022 and continued until March 2023, with the most severe conditions occurring in October 2022, when the GRACE-DSI value stood at 2.06 and the TWSA decreased by 15.24 cm and 33.51 cm relative to the same month in 2021 and 2020, respectively. Additionally, the daily water level variation at the Chenglingji hydrological gauging station in 2022 broke previous records, reaching a minimum of only 19 m. Comparing the 2022 drought event with the drought events in 2006 and 2011, the impact of drought on vegetation growth conditions was relatively small, but there was still significant vegetation degradation across the DLB.

DOI: 10.1016/j.geog.2024.03.001

Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674984724000302