中国科学院海南种子创新研究院Shisong Ma团队近期取得重要工作进展，他们报道了气孔成熟组学:从单细胞转录组中搜寻调节保护细胞成熟和功能形成的基因。相关研究成果2024年5月19日在线发表于《遗传学报》杂志上。

据介绍，气孔在气体交换和对病原体的免疫中起着至关重要的作用。虽然在拟南芥中已经鉴定出许多调节早期气孔发育直至产生年轻保卫细胞（GC）的基因，但对年轻GC如何发育为成熟的功能性气孔知之甚少。

研究人员对气孔进行了“成熟组学”研究，“成熟组学”被定义为组织或器官成熟过程的组学分析。研究人员开发了一个综合方案来分析三个公开的气孔相关单细胞RNA-seq数据集，并确定了586个基因的列表，这些基因在气孔成熟和功能形成过程中在所有三个数据集中都特异性上调。该列表被称为sc_586，富含已知的气孔成熟和功能调节因子。

为了验证数据集的可靠性，研究人员选择了两个候选的G2样转录因子基因MYS1和MYS2，以研究它们在气孔中的作用。这两个基因冗余地调节成熟GC的大小和环刚度，而mys1-mys2双突变导致成熟GC在调节气孔孔径方面存在严重缺陷。

总之，这一研究为人们探索GC成熟和功能形成机制提供了一个有价值的基因列表。

附：英文原文

Title: Stomatal maturomics: hunting genes regulating guard cell maturation and function formation from single-cell transcriptomes

Author: Shisong Ma a b

Issue&Volume: 2024/05/19

Abstract: Stomata play critical roles in gas exchange and immunity to pathogens. While many genes regulating early stomatal development up to the production of young guard cells (GCs) have been identified in Arabidopsis, much less is known about how young GCs develop into mature functional stomata. Here we perform a maturomics study on stomata, with “maturomics” defined as omics analysis of the maturation process of a tissue or organ. We develop an integrative scheme to analyze three public stomata-related single-cell RNA-seq datasets and identify a list of 586 genes that are specifically up-regulated in all three datasets during stomatal maturation and function formation. The list, termed sc_586, is enriched with known regulators of stomatal maturation and functions. To validate the reliability of the dataset, we selected two candidate G2-like transcription factor genes, MYS1 and MYS2, to investigate their roles in stomata. These two genes redundantly regulate the size and hoop rigidity of mature GCs, and the mys1 mys2 double mutatants cause mature GCs with severe defects in regulating their stomatal apertures. 

DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.05.004

Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1673852724001176