英国剑桥大学Adrian Liston课题组报道，组织驻留调节性T细胞库是由短暂的多组织迁移和保守的驻留程序形成的。这一研究成果发表在2024年6月18日出版的国际学术期刊《免疫》上。

该研究团队对全身非淋巴器官中的Treg细胞群进行了系统分析，揭示了共同的表型、短暂驻留和共同的分子依赖性。来自不同非淋巴器官的组织Treg细胞共享T细胞受体(TCR)序列，具有驱动多组织Treg细胞进入的功能性能力，并且与组织归巢无关。

总之，这些结果表明，除肠道外，大多数非淋巴器官中的组织常驻Treg细胞池主要由广泛自反应的Treg细胞组成，其特征是短暂的多组织迁移。这项工作表明，共同的调节机制可能允许泛组织Treg细胞保护整个身体的稳态。

研究人员表示，组织是许多重要的免疫反应发生的部位，然而免疫系统是如何在这些部位进行控制的仍然不清楚。最近的研究发现，Foxp3⁺调节性T (Treg)细胞在非淋巴样组织中与淋巴样Treg细胞相比具有独特的特征。然而，组织Treg细胞尚未在组织中得到全面研究。

附：英文原文

Title: The tissue-resident regulatory T cell pool is shaped by transient multi-tissue migration and a conserved residency program

Author: Oliver T. Burton, Orian Bricard, Samar Tareen, Vaclav Gergelits, Simon Andrews, Laura Biggins, Carlos P. Roca, Carly Whyte, Steffie Junius, Aleksandra Brajic, Emanuela Pasciuto, Magda Ali, Pierre Lemaitre, Susan M. Schlenner, Harumichi Ishigame, Brian D. Brown, James Dooley, Adrian Liston

Issue&Volume: 2024-06-18

Abstract: The tissues are the site of many important immunological reactions, yet how the immune system is controlled at these sites remains opaque. Recent studies have identified Foxp3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells in non-lymphoid tissues with unique characteristics compared with lymphoid Treg cells. However, tissue Treg cells have not been considered holistically across tissues. Here, we performed a systematic analysis of the Treg cell population residing in non-lymphoid organs throughout the body, revealing shared phenotypes, transient residency, and common molecular dependencies. Tissue Treg cells from different non-lymphoid organs shared T cell receptor (TCR) sequences, with functional capacity to drive multi-tissue Treg cell entry and were tissue-agnostic on tissue homing. Together, these results demonstrate that the tissue-resident Treg cell pool in most non-lymphoid organs, other than the gut, is largely constituted by broadly self-reactive Treg cells, characterized by transient multi-tissue migration. This work suggests common regulatory mechanisms may allow pan-tissue Treg cells to safeguard homeostasis across the body.

DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.05.023

Source: https://www.cell.com/immunity/fulltext/S1074-7613(24)00277-2