美国国家老龄化研究所Dimitrios Kapogiannis小组取得一项新突破。他们提出了老年人对间歇性禁食和健康生活饮食的大脑反应。这一研究成果发表在2024年6月19日出版的国际学术期刊《细胞—代谢》上。

在一项为期8周的随机临床试验中，研究小组研究了5:2间歇性禁食和健康生活饮食对大脑健康的影响，该试验涉及40名认知完好的胰岛素抵抗老年人。虽然间歇性禁食导致更大的体重减轻，但两种饮食在改善神经元衍生的胞外囊泡中的胰岛素信号生物标志物，降低磁共振成像的脑年龄差距估计(反映大脑生物衰老的速度)，减少脑葡萄糖磁共振波谱，改善碳水化合物和脂质代谢的血液生物标志物方面具有相似的效果。阿尔茨海默病的脑脊液生物标志物变化很小。

间歇性禁食和健康的生活方式改善了执行功能和记忆力，间歇性禁食对某些认知指标更有好处。在探索性分析中，性别、体重指数、载脂蛋白E和SLC16A7基因型调节饮食的影响。该研究为评估饮食干预对大脑的影响提供了蓝图，并激发了对间歇性禁食和持续饮食以优化大脑健康的进一步研究。

附：英文原文

Title: Brain responses to intermittent fasting and the healthy living diet in older adults

Author: Dimitrios Kapogiannis, Apostolos Manolopoulos, Roger Mullins, Konstantinos Avgerinos, Francheska Delgado-Peraza, Maja Mustapic, Carlos Nogueras-Ortiz, Pamela J. Yao, Krishna A. Pucha, Janet Brooks, Qinghua Chen, Shalaila S. Haas, Ruiyang Ge, Lisa M. Hartnell, Mark R. Cookson, Josephine M. Egan, Sophia Frangou, Mark P. Mattson

Issue&Volume: 2024-06-19

Abstract: Diet may promote brain health in metabolically impaired older individuals. In an 8-weekrandomized clinical trial involving 40 cognitively intact older adults with insulinresistance, we examined the effects of 5:2 intermittent fasting and the healthy livingdiet on brain health. Although intermittent fasting induced greater weight loss, thetwo diets had comparable effects in improving insulin signaling biomarkers in neuron-derivedextracellular vesicles, decreasing the brain-age-gap estimate (reflecting the paceof biological aging of the brain) on magnetic resonance imaging, reducing brain glucoseon magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and improving blood biomarkers of carbohydrateand lipid metabolism, with minimal changes in cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for Alzheimer’sdisease. Intermittent fasting and healthy living improved executive function and memory,with intermittent fasting benefiting more certain cognitive measures. In exploratoryanalyses, sex, body mass index, and apolipoprotein E and SLC16A7 genotypes modulated diet effects. The study provides a blueprint for assessing braineffects of dietary interventions and motivates further research on intermittent fastingand continuous diets for brain health optimization. For further information, pleasesee ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT02460783.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.05.017

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/abstract/S1550-4131(24)00225-0