复旦大学文少卿等研究人员合作完成中国南北朝时期世袭精英的古代基因组分析。这一研究成果于2024年7月14日在线发表在国际学术期刊《遗传学与报》上。

研究人员获得了世袭精英家族成员高宾（503-572 AD）的古基因组，覆盖率为0.6473倍，使用1240k面板检测到475132个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。其线粒体单倍群属于Z4，Y单倍群属于O1a1a2b-F2444*。高宾的遗传特征与北方汉族最为相似，可以被模型化为其祖先全部来自新石器时代晚期至铁器时代的黄河农民，没有受到来自东北亚、韩国或蒙古高原的影响。该研究揭示了在南北朝民族融合背景下世袭精英家族的遗传形成。

研究人员表示，中国南北朝时期（公元3至6世纪）是北方中国民族融合的重要时代。然而，以往的古DNA研究主要集中在北方民族群体，对世袭精英家族的遗传形成研究较少，尽管他们有丰富的考古记录和明确的物质身份。

附：英文原文

Title: Ancient genomic analysis of a Chinese hereditary elite from the Northern and Southern Dynasties

Author: Li Jin e, Chuan-Chao Wang c h i j, Shaoqing Wen a e g k

Issue&Volume: 2024/07/14

Abstract: China’s Northern and Southern Dynasties period (3rd-6th centuries AD) marked a significant era of ethnic integration in northern China. However, previous ancient DNA studies have primarily focused on northern ethnic groups, with limited research on the genetic formation of the hereditary elite family, especially considering their abundant archaeological record and clear material identity. In this study, we obtained the ancient genome of a hereditary elite family, Gao Bin (高宾, 503-572 AD), at 0.6473-fold coverage with 475132 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the 1240k panel. His mitochondrial haplogroup belonged to Z4 and Y-haplogroup to O1a1a2b-F2444*. The genetic profile of Gao Bin was most similar to that of the northern Han Chinese. He could be modelled as deriving all his ancestry from Late Neolithic to Iron Age Yellow River farmers without influence from Northeast Asia, Korea, or the Mongolian Plateau. Our study sheds light on the genetic formation of hereditary elite families in the context of the Southern and Northern Dynasties ethnic integration.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.07.009

Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S167385272400184X