厦门大学王传超等研究人员合作发现，古代基因组揭示山东两千年来的人口史。2024年7月14日，《遗传学报》在线发表了这项成果。

研究人员展示了21个来自山东的古代基因组，这些基因组的年代从战国时期到金元时期。与山东地区的早期新石器时代样本不同，这些历史样本与黄河中游晚期新石器时代以后的人群最为接近，这表明从新石器时代到历史时期，山东地区的人口发生了更替。

此外，研究还发现山东历史样本与现代汉族有着密切的遗传关系，显示至少自战国时期以来汉族的遗传稳定性。

据了解，山东省位于黄河下游，是古代中华文明的发源地之一。然而，由于缺乏古代人类基因组，对该地区的全面遗传历史仍然很大程度上未知。

附：英文原文

Title: Ancient genomes illuminate the demographic history of Shandong over the past two millennia

Author: Zhigang Wu b , Xiaomin Yang a , Qun Zhang h, Chuan-Chao Wang a d g

Issue&Volume: 2024/07/14

Abstract: Shandong province, located in the Lower Yellow River, is one of the birthplaces of ancient Chinese civilization. However, the comprehensive genetic histories of this region have remained largely unknown until now due to a lack of ancient human genomes. Here, we present 21 ancient genomes from Shandong dating from the Warring States period to the Jin-Yuan Dynasties. Unlike the early Neolithic samples from Shandong, the historical samples are most closely related to post-Late Neolithic populations of the Middle Yellow River Basin, suggesting a population turnover in Shandong from the Neolithic Age to the Historical era. In addition, we detect a close genetic affinity between the historical samples in Shandong and present-day Han Chinese, showing long-term genetic stability in Han Chinese at least since the Warring States period.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.07.008

Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1673852724001851